清苦

Chinese

		clear; distinct; complete clear; distinct; complete; pure	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
simp. and trad. (清苦)		清	苦

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qīngkǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥㄎㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cing¹ fu²
Min Nan (POJ): chheng-khó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: qīngkǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥㄎㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingkuu
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cing¹ fu²
  - Yale: chīng fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsing¹ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: qing¹ fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ fuː³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tshing-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zhengqor
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ³³ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

清苦

poor; badly off (especially of scholars or teachers)

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