ḏꜥ

Egyptian

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɑː/
- Conventional anglicization: dja

Noun

m

storm, stormwind [since the Old Kingdom]
altercation; fierce exchange of words [Late Egyptian]
(medicine) flatulence

Inflection

Declension of ḏꜥ (masculine)

singular	ḏꜥ
dual	ḏꜥwj
plural	ḏꜥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏꜥ

ḏꜥ

[Old and New Kingdom]

[Late Period]

[20th Dynasty]

sportive writing

Verb

2-lit.

(intransitive, medicine, of a person) to fart
(intransitive, of the sky) to be(come) stormy [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Conjugation of ḏꜥ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ḏꜥ, geminated stem: ḏꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḏꜥ	ḏꜥw, ḏꜥ	ḏꜥt	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḏꜥ	ḥr ḏꜥ	m ḏꜥ	r ḏꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
aspect / mood	active	aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḏꜥ.n	consecutive	ḏꜥ.jn
terminative	ḏꜥt	consecutive	ḏꜥ.jn
perfective³	ḏꜥ	obligative	ḏꜥ.ḫr
imperfective	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ¹	obligative	ḏꜥ.ḫr
prospective³	ḏꜥ	potentialis	ḏꜥ.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ¹	potentialis	ḏꜥ.kꜣ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
aspect / mood	active	active	passive
perfect	ḏꜥ.n	—	—
perfective	ḏꜥ	ḏꜥ	ḏꜥꜥ, ḏꜥꜥj⁶, ḏꜥ², ḏꜥw^{2 5}, ḏꜥy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.ḏꜥ¹, ḏꜥ, ḏꜥy, ḏꜥw⁵	j.ḏꜥ¹, j.ḏꜥw^{1 5}, ḏꜥ, ḏꜥj⁶, ḏꜥy⁶	ḏꜥ, ḏꜥw⁵
prospective	ḏꜥ, ḏꜥtj⁷	ḏꜥtj⁴, ḏꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Noun

U13B

m

The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
1. type of agricultural work [Old Kingdom]

Noun

m

type of bread

Inflection

Declension of ḏꜥ (masculine)

singular	ḏꜥ
dual	ḏꜥwj
plural	ḏꜥw

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏꜥ

ḏꜥ

Verb

2-lit.

(transitive) to spearfish, to catch by spearfishing [Middle Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of ḏꜥ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: ḏꜥ, geminated stem: ḏꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
ḏꜥ	ḏꜥw, ḏꜥ	ḏꜥt	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
ḏꜥ	ḥr ḏꜥ	m ḏꜥ	r ḏꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	ḏꜥ.n	ḏꜥw, ḏꜥ	consecutive	ḏꜥ.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	ḏꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	ḏꜥt
perfective³	ḏꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ¹	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative	ḏꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏꜥ	ḏꜥꜥ	potentialis	ḏꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	ḏꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	ḏꜥ, j.ḏꜥ¹	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	ḏꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	ḏꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	ḏꜥ	ḏꜥꜥ, ḏꜥꜥj⁶, ḏꜥ², ḏꜥw^{2 5}, ḏꜥy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.ḏꜥ¹, ḏꜥ, ḏꜥy, ḏꜥw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	j.ḏꜥ¹, j.ḏꜥw^{1 5}, ḏꜥ, ḏꜥj⁶, ḏꜥy⁶	ḏꜥ, ḏꜥw⁵
prospective	ḏꜥ, ḏꜥtj⁷	—	ḏꜥtj⁴, ḏꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Verb

Variant form of ḏꜥr (“to seek”)

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḏꜥ

M3B

ḏꜥ

Verb

(hapax legomenon) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: [19th Dynasty]
1. (transitive) to lay waste, to desolate
2. (intransitive) to be laid waste, to be(come) desolate
  - 19th Dynasty, Merneptah’s Libyan war inscription at Karnak:
    
    jw.s ḏꜥ.tj m hꜣw tp(j)w-ꜥ
    It was laid waste in the time of the ancestors

Descendants

Coptic: ϫⲁⲓⲉ (jaie, “desert”)

References

Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926-1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

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