กรุณา

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Sanskrit करुणा (karuṇā, “compassion; empathy; pity; etc.”).

Pronunciation

Adverb

กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa) (abstract noun ความกรุณา)

1. (used as a polite addition to requests, commands, etc.) kindly; please.

Noun

กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa)

1. a feeling of deep sympathy and sorrow for another who is stricken by misfortune, accompanied by a strong desire to alleviate the suffering.
2. sympathetic or helpful kindness.
3. (Buddhism) one of the four virtues, collectively known as พรหมวิหาร (prom-wí-hǎan, literally “Brahma's abodes”), that is,
   1. เมตตา (mêet-dtaa, “benevolence”);
   2. กรุณา (gà-rú-naa, “compassion”);
   3. มุทิตา (mú-tí-dtaa, “empathetic joy”); and
   4. อุเบกขา (ù-bèek-kǎa, “equanimity”).

Pronoun

กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa)

1. (archaic) a second or third person pronoun, used to address a person in authority.

Verb

กรุณา • (gà-rú-naa)

1. to feel deep sympathy and sorrow for another who is stricken by misfortune, accompanied by a strong desire to alleviate the suffering.
2. to have sympathetic or helpful kindness.