किम्

Sanskrit

Etymology

For an earlier unattested *किद् (kid), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kíd ~ číd, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷím. Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬗𐬌𐬨‎ (cim), 𐬐𐬆𐬨‎ (kəm).[1] According to Mayrhofer, किम् (kim) is either an archaism or a Prakritism.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

किम् • (kím)[2]

  1. what
    त्वं किं वदसि?
    tvaṃ kiṃ vadasi?
    What are you saying?
  2. how, why
    किम् इति? ― kim iti? ― Why?
  3. question marker: whether ..., do ...
    किम् एषः चषकः बृहत्? ― kim eṣaḥ caṣakaḥ bṛhat? ― Is this cup big?
    Synonym: अपि (api)

References

  1. ↑ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “kí-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 347
  2. ↑ Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 282
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