अस्ति

Adverb

अस्ति • (asti)

1. the day before yesterday
2. last (with days of the week)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hásti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“to be”), from *h₁es-. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí), Latin est, Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (astiy), Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒍣 (ēszi), Old Church Slavonic єстъ (estŭ), Gothic 𐌹𐍃𐍄 (ist), English is.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́s̪.t̪i/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɐs̪.t̪i/

Verb

अस्ति • (ásti) (root अस्, class 2P)

1. to be
2. to live
3. to exist, be present
4. to take place, happen
5. to abide, dwell, stay
6. to belong to (+ genitive or dative)
7. to fall to the share of. happen to any one (+ genitive)
8. to be equal to (+ dative)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 14
   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 11.85

     तेषां वेदविदो ब्रूयुस्त्रयोऽप्येनः सुनिष्कृतिम् ।
     सा तेषां पावनाय स्यात्पवित्रा विदुषां हि वाक् ॥

     teṣāṃ vedavido brūyustrayo’pyenaḥ suniṣkṛtim .
     sā teṣāṃ pāvanāya syātpavitrā viduṣāṃ hi vāk .

     By his origin alone a Brahmana is a deity even for the gods
     and (his teaching is) authoritative for men, because the Veda is the foundation for that.

9. to turn out, tend towards any result, prove (with dative)
10. to become
    • c. 700 BCE, Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad
11. to be (i.e. used as copula, but not only with adjective, but also with adverb)

References

• Sir Monier Monier-Williams (1898) A Sanskrit-English dictionary etymologically and philologically arranged with special reference to cognate Indo-European languages, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 122/2