أعلم
Arabic
Etymology 1
Causative of the verb عَلِمَ (ʿalima, “to know”), from the root ع ل م (ʿ-l-m).
Verb
أَعْلَمَ • (ʾaʿlama) IV, non-past يُعْلِمُ (yuʿlimu)
- to inform, to notify (construed with a direct object of the person notified and either a second direct object of the thing notified about or through بِ (bi))
- أَعْلَمْتُ صَدِيقِي الْأَخْبَارَ ― ʾaʿlamtu ṣadīqī l-ʾaḵbāra ― I informed/notified my friend about the news.
- أَعْلَمْتُ صَدِيقِي بِالْأَخْبَارِ. ― ʾaʿlamtu ṣadīqī bi-l-ʾaḵbāri. ― I informed/notified my friend about the news.
-
Conjugation
Conjugation of
أَعْلَمَ
(form-IV sound)| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ʾiʿlām | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʿlim | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʿlam | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾaʿlamtu |
ʾaʿlamta |
أَعْلَمَ ʾaʿlama |
أَعْلَمْتُمَا ʾaʿlamtumā |
أَعْلَمَا ʾaʿlamā |
ʾaʿlamnā |
ʾaʿlamtum |
ʾaʿlamū | |||
| f | ʾaʿlamti |
ʾaʿlamat |
أَعْلَمَتَا ʾaʿlamatā |
ʾaʿlamtunna |
ʾaʿlamna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُعْلِمُ ʾuʿlimu |
tuʿlimu |
yuʿlimu |
تُعْلِمَانِ tuʿlimāni |
يُعْلِمَانِ yuʿlimāni |
nuʿlimu |
tuʿlimūna |
yuʿlimūna | |||
| f | tuʿlimīna |
tuʿlimu |
تُعْلِمَانِ tuʿlimāni |
tuʿlimna |
yuʿlimna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُعْلِمَ ʾuʿlima |
tuʿlima |
yuʿlima |
تُعْلِمَا tuʿlimā |
يُعْلِمَا yuʿlimā |
nuʿlima |
tuʿlimū |
يُعْلِمُوا yuʿlimū | |||
| f | tuʿlimī |
tuʿlima |
تُعْلِمَا tuʿlimā |
tuʿlimna |
yuʿlimna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُعْلِمْ ʾuʿlim |
tuʿlim |
yuʿlim |
تُعْلِمَا tuʿlimā |
يُعْلِمَا yuʿlimā |
nuʿlim |
tuʿlimū |
يُعْلِمُوا yuʿlimū | |||
| f | tuʿlimī |
tuʿlim |
تُعْلِمَا tuʿlimā |
tuʿlimna |
yuʿlimna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | أَعْلِمْ ʾaʿlim |
أَعْلِمَا ʾaʿlimā |
ʾaʿlimū |
||||||||
| f | ʾaʿlimī |
ʾaʿlimna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾuʿlimtu |
ʾuʿlimta |
أُعْلِمَ ʾuʿlima |
أُعْلِمْتُمَا ʾuʿlimtumā |
أُعْلِمَا ʾuʿlimā |
ʾuʿlimnā |
ʾuʿlimtum |
ʾuʿlimū | |||
| f | ʾuʿlimti |
ʾuʿlimat |
أُعْلِمَتَا ʾuʿlimatā |
ʾuʿlimtunna |
ʾuʿlimna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُعْلَمُ ʾuʿlamu |
tuʿlamu |
yuʿlamu |
تُعْلَمَانِ tuʿlamāni |
يُعْلَمَانِ yuʿlamāni |
nuʿlamu |
tuʿlamūna |
yuʿlamūna | |||
| f | tuʿlamīna |
tuʿlamu |
تُعْلَمَانِ tuʿlamāni |
tuʿlamna |
yuʿlamna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُعْلَمَ ʾuʿlama |
tuʿlama |
yuʿlama |
تُعْلَمَا tuʿlamā |
يُعْلَمَا yuʿlamā |
nuʿlama |
tuʿlamū |
يُعْلَمُوا yuʿlamū | |||
| f | tuʿlamī |
tuʿlama |
تُعْلَمَا tuʿlamā |
tuʿlamna |
yuʿlamna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُعْلَمْ ʾuʿlam |
tuʿlam |
yuʿlam |
تُعْلَمَا tuʿlamā |
يُعْلَمَا yuʿlamā |
nuʿlam |
tuʿlamū |
يُعْلَمُوا yuʿlamū | |||
| f | tuʿlamī |
tuʿlam |
تُعْلَمَا tuʿlamā |
tuʿlamna |
yuʿlamna | |||||||
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “أعلم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
- Mace, John (2007), “أعلم”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN
Etymology 2
Elative of عَلِيم (ʿalīm, “knowing”), from the root ع ل م (ʿ-l-m).
Adjective
أَعْلَم • (ʾaʿlam)
- elative degree of عَالِم (ʿālim); elative degree of عَلِيم (ʿalīm):
- more knowing; most knowing
- اللّٰهُ أَعْلَم (allāhu ʾaʿlam) — God knows best.
- more learned; most learned
- more knowing; most knowing
Declension
Declension of adjective أَعْلَم (ʾaʿlam)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular diptote | singular unknown | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَعْلَم ʾaʿlam |
الْأَعْلَم al-ʾaʿlam |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | أَعْلَمُ ʾaʿlamu |
الْأَعْلَمُ al-ʾaʿlamu |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | أَعْلَمَ ʾaʿlama |
الْأَعْلَمَ al-ʾaʿlama |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | أَعْلَمَ ʾaʿlama |
الْأَعْلَمِ al-ʾaʿlami |
? ? |
? ? |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَعْلَمَيْن ʾaʿlamayn |
الْأَعْلَمَيْن al-ʾaʿlamayn |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | أَعْلَمَانِ ʾaʿlamāni |
الْأَعْلَمَانِ al-ʾaʿlamāni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | أَعْلَمَيْنِ ʾaʿlamayni |
الْأَعْلَمَيْنِ al-ʾaʿlamayni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | أَعْلَمَيْنِ ʾaʿlamayni |
الْأَعْلَمَيْنِ al-ʾaʿlamayni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| plural unknown | plural unknown | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
Descendants
- Persian: اعلم (a'lam)
Etymology 3
Verb
أَعْلَمُ • (ʾaʿlamu) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Verb
أَعْلَمَ • (ʾaʿlama) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Verb
أَعْلَمْ • (ʾaʿlam) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Verb
أُعْلَمُ • (ʾuʿlamu) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past passive indicative of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Verb
أُعْلَمَ • (ʾuʿlama) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Verb
أُعْلَمْ • (ʾuʿlam) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past passive jussive of عَلِمَ (ʿalima)
Etymology 4
Verb
أُعَلِّمُ • (ʾuʿallimu) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
Verb
أُعَلِّمَ • (ʾuʿallima) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
Verb
أُعَلِّمْ • (ʾuʿallim) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
Verb
أُعَلَّمُ • (ʾuʿallamu) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive indicative of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
Verb
أُعَلَّمَ • (ʾuʿallama) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
Verb
أُعَلَّمْ • (ʾuʿallam) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive jussive of عَلَّمَ (ʿallama)
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