աչք
Armenian
աչք
Alternative forms
- աչ (ačʿ)
- աշկ (ašk) (dialectal)
Etymology
From Old Armenian աչք (ačʿkʿ).
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [ɑt͡ʃʰkʰ]
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Audio (file)
Noun
աչք • (ačʿkʿ)
- eye
- կապույտ աչքեր ― kapuyt ačʿkʿer ― blue eyes
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Declension
i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | աչք (ačʿkʿ) | աչքեր (ačʿkʿer) | ||
| dative | աչքի (ačʿkʿi) | աչքերի (ačʿkʿeri) | ||
| ablative | աչքից (ačʿkʿicʿ) | աչքերից (ačʿkʿericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | աչքով (ačʿkʿov) | աչքերով (ačʿkʿerov) | ||
| locative | աչքում (ačʿkʿum) | աչքերում (ačʿkʿerum) | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | աչքը/աչքն (ačʿkʿə/ačʿkʿn) | աչքերը/աչքերն (ačʿkʿerə/ačʿkʿern) | ||
| dative | աչքին (ačʿkʿin) | աչքերին (ačʿkʿerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | աչքս (ačʿkʿs) | աչքերս (ačʿkʿers) | ||
| dative | աչքիս (ačʿkʿis) | աչքերիս (ačʿkʿeris) | ||
| ablative | աչքիցս (ačʿkʿicʿs) | աչքերիցս (ačʿkʿericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | աչքովս (ačʿkʿovs) | աչքերովս (ačʿkʿerovs) | ||
| locative | աչքումս (ačʿkʿums) | աչքերումս (ačʿkʿerums) | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | աչքդ (ačʿkʿd) | աչքերդ (ačʿkʿerd) | ||
| dative | աչքիդ (ačʿkʿid) | աչքերիդ (ačʿkʿerid) | ||
| ablative | աչքիցդ (ačʿkʿicʿd) | աչքերիցդ (ačʿkʿericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | աչքովդ (ačʿkʿovd) | աչքերովդ (ačʿkʿerovd) | ||
| locative | աչքումդ (ačʿkʿumd) | աչքերումդ (ačʿkʿerumd) | ||
Synonyms
- (archaic) ակն (akn)
Old Armenian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃(o)kʷih₁ (“both eyes”), dual of *h₃ókʷs (“eye”), + -ք (-kʿ).[1][2][3][4]
Noun
աչք • (ačʿkʿ) pl
- eyes; sight; look
- աչս արձակել՝ արկանել ― ačʿs arjakel, arkanel ― to cast eyes upon, to desire
- ըստ աչս դատել ― əst ačʿs datel ― to judge by first sight
- յաչս դնել ― yačʿs dnel ― to despise
- առ աչս հայել ― aṙ ačʿs hayel ― to pay respect to persons
- յաչաց հանել ― yačʿacʿ hanel ― to render odious
- յաչաց ելանել ― yačʿacʿ elanel ― to be in disgrace, to lose the good graces of any one
- առ աչօք ― aṙ ačʿōkʿ ― fantastical, fanciful, chimerical; visibly
- առ աչօք ինչ տեսիլ, երեւոյթ ― aṙ ačʿōkʿ inčʿ tesil, erewoytʿ ― spectre, phantom, ghost; vision, illusion
- կալ աչաց ― kal ačʿacʿ ― to become blind
- թերաբաց աչք ― tʿerabacʿ ačʿkʿ ― half-closed eyes
- յաչս դնել ― yačʿs dnel ― to be bold, to brave, to defy
- աչք յարտասուս ― ačʿkʿ yartasus ― tears in the eyes, weeping
- զաչս ի վայր արկանել ― začʿs i vayr arkanel ― to lower the eyes
- ցաւ աչաց ― cʿaw ačʿacʿ ― complaint, pain in the eyes
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Declension
i-a-type
| plural only (plurale tantum) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | աչք (ačʿkʿ) |
| genitive | աչաց (ačʿacʿ) |
| dative | աչաց (ačʿacʿ) |
| accusative | աչս (ačʿs) |
| ablative | աչաց (ačʿacʿ) |
| instrumental | աչաւք = աչօք (ačʿawkʿ = ačʿōkʿ) |
| locative | աչս (ačʿs) |
| the genitive can be աչից (ačʿicʿ) post-classically a dialectal plural աչեր (ačʿer) is also attested | |
Usage notes
The word was used as the plural form of ակն (akn, “eye”) and referred to both eyes. Not so in modern Armenian.
Derived terms
Terms derived from աչք (ačʿkʿ)
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References
- ↑ Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1940) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 38–39
- ↑ Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “աչք”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press
- ↑ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 385
- ↑ Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “ač‘-k‘”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 98
Fruther reading
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “աչք”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “աչք”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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