ϭⲓⲛⲉ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ϫⲓⲙⲓ (jimi) – Bohairic

Etymology

From Demotic gm (“find”), from Egyptian gmj (“find”),

The -ⲛ- derives from a pronominal form *gentef, with assimilation from *gemtef.

Verb

ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine)

(Sahidic, Akhmimic, chiefly transitive) find

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϭⲓⲛⲉ (Sahidic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ecine	negative infinitive	ⲉⲧⲙϭⲓⲛⲉ etmcine
imperative		ϭⲓⲛⲉ cine	negative imperative	ⲙⲡⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ mprcine
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
present	-	ϯϭⲓⲛⲉ ticine	ⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ kcine	ⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ tecine	ϥϭⲓⲛⲉ fcine	ⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ scine	ⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ tncine	ⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ tetncine	ⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ secine	ϭⲓⲛⲉ cine
	focalising	ⲉⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ eicine	ⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ ekcine	ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine	ⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ efcine	ⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ escine	ⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ encine	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etetncine	ⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ eucine	ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ neicine	ⲛⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nekcine	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nerecine	ⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nefcine	ⲛⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nescine	ⲛⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nencine	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ netetncine	ⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ neucine	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nerecine
	relative	ⲉϯϭⲓⲛⲉ eticine	ⲉⲧⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ etkcine	ⲉⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etecine	ⲉⲧϥϭⲓⲛⲉ etfcine	ⲉⲧⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ etscine	ⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etncine	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etetncine	ⲉⲧⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ etscine	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ eterecine
future	-	ϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tinacine	ⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ knacine	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tenacine	ϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ fnacine	ⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ snacine	ⲧⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tnnacine	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ tetnacine	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ senacine
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ einacine	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ eknacine	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ erenacine	ⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ efnacine	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ esnacine	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ ennacine	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnnacine	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ eunacine	ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neinacine	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neknacine	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nerenacine	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nefnacine	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nesnacine	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nennacine	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ netetnnacine	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ neunacine	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nerecine
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ aicine	ⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ akcine	ⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ arecine	ⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ afcine	ⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ ascine	ⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ancine	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ atetncine	ⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ aucine	ⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ acine
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ mpicine	ⲙⲡⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ mpekcine	ⲙⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ mpecine	ⲙⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ mpefcine	ⲙⲡⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ mpescine	ⲙⲡⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mpncine	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mpetncine	ⲙⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ mpoucine	ⲙⲡⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ mpecine
	focalising	ⲛⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ ntaicine	ⲛⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ ntakcine	ⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ntarecine	ⲛⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ ntafcine	ⲛⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ ntascine	ⲛⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ntancine	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ntatncine	ⲛⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ ntaucine	ⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ ntacine
	relative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ entaicine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ entakcine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ entarecine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ entafcine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ entascine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ entancine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ entatncine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ entaucine	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ entacine
not yet		ⲙⲡⲁϯϭⲓⲛⲉ mpaticine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatkcine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatecine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧϥϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatfcine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatscine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatncine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatetncine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatoucine	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ mpatecine
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ šaicine	ϣⲁⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ šakcine	ϣⲁⲣϭⲓⲛⲉ šarcine	ϣⲁϥϭⲓⲛⲉ šafcine	ϣⲁⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ šascine	ϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ šancine	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ šatetncine	ϣⲁⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ šaucine	ϣⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ šarecine
aorist	negative	ⲙⲉⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ meicine	ⲙⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ mekcine	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ merecine	ⲙⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ mefcine	ⲙⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ mescine	ⲙⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mencine	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ metetncine	ⲙⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ meucine	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ merecine
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ eiecine	ⲉⲕⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ekecine	ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine	ⲉϥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ efecine	ⲉⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ esecine	ⲉⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ enecine	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnecine	ⲉⲩⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ euecine	ⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ erecine
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nnacine	ⲛⲛⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nnekcine	ⲛⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nnecine	ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nnefcine	ⲛⲛⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nnescine	ⲛⲛⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nnencine	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nnetncine	ⲛⲛⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nneucine	ⲛⲛⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nnecine
affirmative jussive		ⲙⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ maricine			ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ marefcine	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ marescine	ⲙⲁⲣⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ marncine		ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ maroucine	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ marecine
negative jussive, negative causative		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtracine			ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtrefcine	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtrescine	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtrencine		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtreucine	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ mprtrecine
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ ntericine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ nterekcine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nterecine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nterefcine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nterescine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nterencine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ nteretncine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ nteroucine	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nterecine
conditional		ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eišancine	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ekšancine	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eršancine	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ efšancine	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ esšancine	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ enšancine	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ etetnšancine	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eušancine	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ eršancine
limitative		ϣⲁⲛⲧⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ šanticine, šantacine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ šantkcine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ šantecine	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥϭⲓⲛⲉ šantfcine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ šantscine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ šantncine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ šantetncine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ šantoucine	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ šantecine
conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲛⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ nticine, ntacine	ⲛⲧⲅϭⲓⲛⲉ ntgcine	ⲛⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ntecine	ⲛϥϭⲓⲛⲉ nfcine	ⲛⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ nscine	ⲛⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ntncine	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ ntetncine	ⲛⲥⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ nsecine	ⲛⲧⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ ntecine
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁϭⲓⲛⲉ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓϭⲓⲛⲉ tacine, taricine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϭⲓⲛⲉ tarekcine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ tarecine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛⲉ tarefcine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϭⲓⲛⲉ tarescine	ⲧⲁⲣⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ tarncine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛϭⲓⲛⲉ taretncine	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϭⲓⲛⲉ taroucine	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϭⲓⲛⲉ tarecine

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN

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