ϫⲓⲙⲓ

Coptic

Alternative forms

ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine) – Sahidic, Akhmimic

Etymology

From Demotic gm (“find”), from Egyptian gmj (“find”),

Verb

ϫⲓⲙⲓ (jimi) (nominal state ϫⲉⲙ, pronominal state ϫⲉⲙ)

(Bohairic) find

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϫⲓⲙⲓ (Bohairic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ ejimi	negative infinitive		ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ eštemjimi
imperative		ϫⲓⲙⲓ jimi	negative imperative		ⲙⲡⲉⲣϫⲓⲙⲓ mperjimi
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟ	ⲛⲑⲟϥ	ⲛⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
present	simple present	ϯϫⲓⲙⲓ tijimi	ⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ kjimi	ⲧⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ tejimi	ϥϫⲓⲙⲓ fjimi	ⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ sjimi	ⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ tenjimi	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ tetenjimi	ⲥⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ sejimi	ϫⲓⲙⲓ jimi
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ eijimi	ⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ ekjimi	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ erejimi	ⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ efjimi	ⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ esjimi	ⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ enjimi	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ eretenjimi	ⲉⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ eujimi	ⲉⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ ere - jimi
	focalising	ⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ aijimi	ⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ akjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ arejimi	ⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ afjimi	ⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ asjimi	ⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ anjimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ aretenjimi	ⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ aujimi	ⲁⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ are - jimi
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ naijimi	ⲛⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ nakjimi	ⲛⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ narejimi	ⲛⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ nafjimi	ⲛⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ nasjimi	ⲛⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nanjimi	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ naretenjimi	ⲛⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ naujimi	ⲛⲁⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nare - jimi
	relative	ⲉϯϫⲓⲙⲓ etijimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ etekjimi	ⲉⲧⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ etejimi	ⲉⲧⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ etefjimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ etesjimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ etenjimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ etetenjimi	ⲉⲧⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ etoujimi	ⲉⲧⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ ete - jimi
future	simple future	ϯⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ tinajimi	ⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ khnajimi	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ tenajimi	ϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ fnajimi	ⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ snajimi	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ tennajimi	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ tetenajimi	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ senajimi	ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ najimi
	circumstantial	ⲉⲓⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ einajimi	ⲉⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ekhnajimi	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ erenajimi	ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ efnajimi	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ esnajimi	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ennajimi	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ eretennajimi	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ eunajimi	ⲉⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ere - najimi
	focalising	ⲁⲓⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ainajimi	ⲁⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ akhnajimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ arenajimi	ⲁϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ afnajimi	ⲁⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ asnajimi	ⲁⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ annajimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ aretennajimi	ⲁⲩⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ aunajimi	ⲁⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ are - najimi
	preterite	ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nainajimi	ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nakhnajimi	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ narenajimi	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nafnajimi	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nasnajimi	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nannajimi	ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ naretennajimi	ⲛaⲩⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ naunajimi	ⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nare - najimi
	unreal conditional	ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enainajimi	ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enakhnajimi	ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enarenajimi	ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enafnajimi	ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enasnajimi	ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enannajimi	ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enaretennajimi	ⲉⲛaⲩⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enaunajimi	ⲉⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ enare - najimi
	relative	ⲉϯⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etinajimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etekhnajimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etenajimi	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etefnajimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etesnajimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etennajimi	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etetennajimi	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ etounajimi	ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ete - najimi
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟ	ⲛⲑⲟϥ	ⲛⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ aijimi	ⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ akjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ arejimi	ⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ afjimi	ⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ asjimi	ⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ anjimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ aretenjimi	ⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ aujimi	ⲁ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ a - jimi
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ mpijimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ mpekjimi	ⲙⲡⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ mpejimi	ⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpefjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpesjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpetenjimi	ⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ mpoujimi	ⲙⲡⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ mpe - jimi
	affirmative preterite	ⲛⲉⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ neaijimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ neakjimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ nearejimi	ⲛⲉⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ neafjimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ neasjimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ neanjimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nearetenjimi	ⲛⲉⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ neaujimi	ⲛⲉⲁ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nea - jimi
	negative preterite	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ nempijimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ nempekjimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ nempejimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ nempefjimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ nempesjimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nempenjimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nempetenjimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ nempoujimi	ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nempe - jimi
	circumstantial	ⲉⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ eaijimi	ⲉⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ eakjimi	ⲉⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ eajimi	ⲉⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ eafjimi	ⲉⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ easjimi	ⲉⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ eanjimi	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ eatetenjimi	ⲉⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ eaujimi	ⲉⲁ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ ea - jimi
	focalising, relative, precursive	ⲉⲧⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ etaijimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ etakjimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ etarejimi	ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ etafjimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ etasjimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ etanjimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ etaretenjimi	ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ etaujimi	ⲉⲧⲁ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ eta - jimi
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ šaijimi	ϣⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ šakjimi	ϣⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ šarejimi	ϣⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ šafjimi	ϣⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ šasjimi	ϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ šanjimi	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ šaretenjimi	ϣⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ šaujimi	ϣⲁⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ šare - jimi
aorist	negative	ⲙⲡⲁⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ mpaijimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ mpakjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ mparejimi	ⲙⲡⲁϥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpafjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpasjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpanjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mparetenjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ mpaujimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ mpare - jimi
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ eiejimi	ⲉⲕⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ ekejimi	ⲉⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ erejimi	ⲉϥⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ efejimi	ⲉⲥⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ esejimi	ⲉⲛⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ enejimi	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ eretenejimi	ⲉⲩⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ euejimi	ⲉⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ ere - jimi
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ nnajimi	ⲛⲛⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ nnekjimi	ⲛⲛⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ nnejimi	ⲛⲛⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ nnefjimi	ⲛⲛⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ nnesjimi	ⲛⲛⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nnenjimi	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ nnetenjimi	ⲛⲛⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ nnoujimi	ⲛⲛⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nne - jimi
jussive, causative	affirmative jussive	ⲙⲁⲣⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ marijimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ marekjimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ marejimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ marefjimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ maresjimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ marenjimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ maretenjimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ maroujimi	ⲙⲁⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ mare - jimi
	affirmative causative	ⲑⲣⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ thrijimi	ⲑⲣⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ threkjimi	ⲑⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ threjimi	ⲑⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ threfjimi	ⲑⲣⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ thresjimi	ⲑⲣⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ threnjimi	ⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ thretenjimi	ⲑⲣⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ throujimi	ⲑⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ thre - jimi
	negative jussive, negative causative	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthrijimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthrekjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthrejimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthrefjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthresjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthrenjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthretenjimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthroujimi	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ mpenthre - jimi
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟⲕ	ⲛⲑⲟ	ⲛⲑⲟϥ	ⲛⲑⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ	-
real conditional	affirmative	ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ aišanjimi	ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ akšanjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ arešanjimi	ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ afšanjimi	ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ asšanjimi	ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ anšanjimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ aretenšanjimi	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ aušanjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ arešan - jimi
real conditional	negative	ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ aištemjimi	ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ akštemjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ areštemjimi	ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ afštemjimi	ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ asštemjimi	ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ anštemjimi	ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ aretenštemjimi	ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ auštemjimi	ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ areštem - jimi
conjunctive	affirmative	ⲛⲧⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ntajimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ ntekjimi	ⲛⲧⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ ntejimi	ⲛⲧⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ ntefjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ ntesjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ ntenjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ ntetenjimi	ⲛⲥⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ, ⲛⲧⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ nsejimi, ntoujimi	ⲛⲧⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nte - jimi
conjunctive	negative	ⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntaštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntekštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ nteštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntefštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntesštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntenštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntetenštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲧⲉⲙϫⲓⲙⲓ ntouštemjimi	ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ nteštem - jimi
limitive, expectative	limitative	ϣⲁϯϫⲓⲙⲓ šatijimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ šatekjimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ šatejimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ šatefjimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ šatesjimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ šatenjimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ šatetenjimi	ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ šatoujimi	ϣⲁⲧⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ šate - jimi
limitive, expectative	expectative	ⲙⲡⲁϯϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatijimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatekjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatejimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatefjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatesjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatenjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatetenjimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ mpatoujimi	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ - ϫⲓⲙⲓ mpate - jimi

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN

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