σθένος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Perhaps root-cognate with Old English stīþ (“hard, cruel, violent”) (English stith (“stiff, hard”)), or with Proto-Germanic *segaz (“victory”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /stʰé.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈstʰɛ.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsθe.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsθe.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsθe.nos/
Noun
σθένος • (sthénos) n (genitive σθένεος or σθένους); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ σθένος tò sthénos |
τὼ σθένεε tṑ sthénee |
τᾰ̀ σθένεᾰ tà sthénea | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ σθένεος toû sthéneos |
τοῖν σθενέοιν toîn sthenéoin |
τῶν σθενέων tôn sthenéōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ σθένεῐ̈ tôi sthéneï |
τοῖν σθενέοιν toîn sthenéoin |
τοῖς σθένεσῐ(ν) toîs sthénesi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ σθένος tò sthénos |
τὼ σθένεε tṑ sthénee |
τᾰ̀ σθένεᾰ tà sthénea | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σθένος sthénos |
σθένεε sthénee |
σθένεᾰ sthénea | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀσθενής (asthenḗs, “weak”)
Descendants
- Greek: σθένος (sthénos)
References
Further reading
- σθένος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σθένος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σθένος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek σθένος (sthénos).
Noun
σθένος • (sthénos) n
- moral or emotional strength, might, power
- (chemistry) valence, valency
- (grammar, linguistics) valency (number of grammatical arguments a verb can take)
Declension
declension of σθένος
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | σθένος • | σθένη • |
| genitive | σθένους • | σθενών • |
| accusative | σθένος • | σθένη • |
| vocative | σθένος • | σθένη • |
Further reading
- σθένος in Triantafyllides, Hidryma (1998) Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek]
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