διαγωνίζομαι

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From δῐᾰ- (dia-, “across”) +‎ ᾰ̓γωνῐ́ζομαι (agōnízomai, “contend for a prize”)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /di.a.ɡɔː.níz.do.mai̯/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /di.a.ɡoˈni.zo.mɛ/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ði.a.ɣoˈni.zo.mɛ/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ði.a.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ði.a.ɣoˈni.zo.me/

Verb

δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι • (diagōnízomai)

contend, struggle or fight against
fight desperately, contend earnestly

Conjugation

Present: δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζομαι	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ, δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζει	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεται	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐζόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζονται
	subjunctive	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζωμαι	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζῃ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζηται	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζησθον	δῐᾰγωνῐζώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζησθε	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζωνται
	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐζοίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζοιο	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζοιτο	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθον	δῐᾰγωνῐζοίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐζοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζοισθε	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζοιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζου	δῐᾰγωνῐζέσθω	δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐζέσθων		δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐζέσθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						δῐᾰγωνῐ́ζεσθαι
participle	m					δῐᾰγωνῐζόμενος
	f					δῐᾰγωνῐζομένη
	n					δῐᾰγωνῐζόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: δῐηγωνῐζόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐηγωνῐζόμην	δῐηγωνῐ́ζου	δῐηγωνῐ́ζετο	δῐηγωνῐ́ζεσθον	δῐηγωνῐζέσθην	δῐηγωνῐζόμεθᾰ	δῐηγωνῐ́ζεσθε	δῐηγωνῐ́ζοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: δῐᾰγωνῐέομαι, δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	δῐᾰγωνῐέομαι	δῐᾰγωνῐέῃ, δῐᾰγωνῐέει	δῐᾰγωνῐέεται	δῐᾰγωνῐέεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐέεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐεόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐέεσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐέονται
middle	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐεοίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐέοιο	δῐᾰγωνῐέοιτο	δῐᾰγωνῐέοισθον	δῐᾰγωνῐεοίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐεοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐέοισθε	δῐᾰγωνῐέοιντο
passive	indicative	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεται	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσονται
passive	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					δῐᾰγωνῐέεσθαι		δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι
participle	m				δῐᾰγωνῐεόμενος		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος
	f				δῐᾰγωνῐεομένη		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησομένη
	n				δῐᾰγωνῐεόμενον		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: δῐᾰγωνῐοῦμαι, δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	δῐᾰγωνῐοῦμαι	δῐᾰγωνῐῇ	δῐᾰγωνῐεῖται	δῐᾰγωνῐεῖσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐεῖσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐούμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐεῖσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐοῦνται
middle	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐοίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐοῖο	δῐᾰγωνῐοῖτο	δῐᾰγωνῐοῖσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐοίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐοῖσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐοῖντο
passive	indicative	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσομαι	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσῃ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεται	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσονται
passive	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιο	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιτο	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθησοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοισθε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσοιντο
					middle		passive
infinitive					δῐᾰγωνῐεῖσθαι		δῐᾰγωνῐσθήσεσθαι
participle	m				δῐᾰγωνῐούμενος		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμενος
	f				δῐᾰγωνῐουμένη		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησομένη
	n				δῐᾰγωνῐούμενον		δῐᾰγωνῐσθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: δῐηγωνῐσᾰ́μην, δῐηγωνῐ́σθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	δῐηγωνῐσᾰ́μην	δῐηγωνῐ́σω	δῐηγωνῐ́σᾰτο	δῐηγωνῐ́σᾰσθον	δῐηγωνῐσᾰ́σθην	δῐηγωνῐσᾰ́μεθᾰ	δῐηγωνῐ́σᾰσθε	δῐηγωνῐ́σᾰντο
	subjunctive	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σωμαι	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σῃ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σηται	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σησθον	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σησθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σησθε	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σωνται
	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐσαίμην	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σαιο	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σαιτο	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σαισθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσαίσθην	δῐᾰγωνῐσαίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σαισθε	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σαιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰγώνῐσαι	δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθω	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθον	δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθων		δῐᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθε	δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	δῐηγωνῐ́σθην	δῐηγωνῐ́σθης	δῐηγωνῐ́σθη	δῐηγωνῐ́σθητον	δῐηγωνῐσθήτην	δῐηγωνῐ́σθημεν	δῐηγωνῐ́σθητε	δῐηγωνῐ́σθησᾰν
	subjunctive	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῶ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῇς	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῇ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῆτον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῆτον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῶμεν	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῆτε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰγωνῐσθείην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθείης	δῐᾰγωνῐσθείη	δῐᾰγωνῐσθεῖτον, δῐᾰγωνῐσθείητον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθείτην, δῐᾰγωνῐσθειήτην	δῐᾰγωνῐσθεῖμεν, δῐᾰγωνῐσθείημεν	δῐᾰγωνῐσθεῖτε, δῐᾰγωνῐσθείητε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθεῖεν, δῐᾰγωνῐσθείησᾰν
	imperative		δῐᾰγωνῐ́σθητῐ	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήτω	δῐᾰγωνῐ́σθητον	δῐᾰγωνῐσθήτων		δῐᾰγωνῐ́σθητε	δῐᾰγωνῐσθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					δῐᾰγωνῐ́σᾰσθαι		δῐᾰγωνῐσθῆναι
participle	m				δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰ́μενος		δῐᾰγωνῐσθείς
	f				δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰμένη		δῐᾰγωνῐσθεῖσᾰ
	n				δῐᾰγωνῐσᾰ́μενον		δῐᾰγωνῐσθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: δῐηγώνῐσμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐηγώνῐσμαι	δῐηγώνῐσαι	δῐηγώνῐσται	δῐηγώνῐσθον	δῐηγώνῐσθον	δῐηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ	δῐηγώνῐσθε	δῐηγωνῐ́δᾰται
	subjunctive	δῐηγωνῐσμένος ὦ	δῐηγωνῐσμένος ᾖς	δῐηγωνῐσμένος ᾖ	δῐηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον	δῐηγωνῐσμένω ἦτον	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι ὦμεν	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι ἦτε	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐηγωνῐσμένος εἴην	δῐηγωνῐσμένος εἴης	δῐηγωνῐσμένος εἴη	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	δῐηγωνῐσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	δῐηγωνῐσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		δῐηγώνῐσο	δῐηγωνῐ́σθω	δῐηγώνῐσθον	δῐηγωνῐ́σθων		δῐηγώνῐσθε	δῐηγωνῐ́σθων
						middle/passive
infinitive						δῐηγωνῐ́σθαι
participle	m					δῐηγωνῐσμένος
	f					δῐηγωνῐσμένη
	n					δῐηγωνῐσμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Pluperfect: δῐηγωνῐ́σμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐηγωνῐ́σμην	δῐηγώνῐσο	δῐηγώνῐστο	δῐηγώνῐσθον	δῐηγωνῐ́σθην	δῐηγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ	δῐηγώνῐσθε	δῐηγωνῐ́δᾰτο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Descendants

Greek: διαγωνίζομαι (diagonízomai)

Greek

Verb

διαγωνίζομαι • (diagonízomai) deponent (simple past διαγωνίστηκα)

to compete

Conjugation

διαγωνίζομαι

		Non-past tenses		Past tenses
Imperfective		Present	Continuous future	Imperfect
1st person	sg	διαγωνίζομαι	θα διαγωνίζομαι	διαγωνιζόμουν, διαγωνιζόμουνα
2nd person		διαγωνίζεσαι	θα διαγωνίζεσαι	διαγωνιζόσουν, διαγωνιζόσουνα
3rd person		διαγωνίζεται	θα διαγωνίζεται	διαγωνιζόταν, διαγωνιζότανε
1st person	pl	διαγωνιζόμαστε	θα διαγωνιζόμαστε	διαγωνιζόμασταν, διαγωνιζόμαστε²
2nd person		διαγωνίζεστε, διαγωνιζόσαστε¹	θα διαγωνίζεστε, διαγωνιζόσαστε¹	διαγωνιζόσασταν, διαγωνιζόσαστε²
3rd person		διαγωνίζονται	θα διαγωνίζονται	διαγωνίζονταν, διαγωνιζόντανε, διαγωνιζόντουσαν

Perfective		Dependent^†	Simple future	Simple past (Aorist)
1st person	sg	διαγωνιστώ	θα διαγωνιστώ	διαγωνίστηκα
2nd person		διαγωνιστείς	θα διαγωνιστείς	διαγωνίστηκες
3rd person		διαγωνιστεί	θα διαγωνιστεί	διαγωνίστηκε
1st person	pl	διαγωνιστούμε	θα διαγωνιστούμε	διαγωνιστήκαμε
2nd person		διαγωνιστείτε	θα διαγωνιστείτε	διαγωνιστήκατε
3rd person		διαγωνιστούν, διαγωνιστούνε	θα διαγωνιστούν, θα διαγωνιστούνε	διαγωνίστηκαν, διαγωνιστήκανε

Imperative		Imperfective	Perfective
2nd person	sg	—³	διαγωνίσου
2nd person	pl	—³	διαγωνιστείτε

Perfect tenses
Perfect		έχω διαγωνιστεί, έχεις διαγωνιστεί έχει διαγωνιστεί, …
Future perfect		θα έχω διαγωνιστεί, θα έχεις διαγωνιστεί, θα έχει διαγωνιστεί, …
Past perfect		είχα διαγωνιστεί, είχες διαγωνιστεί, είχε διαγωνιστεί, …

Subjunctive
Continuous		The present tense form preceded by να, ας, etc
Simple		The dependent form preceded by να, ας, etc
Past perfect		The perfect tense form preceded by να, ας, etc

When multiple forms are listed above the first will usually be the most common; additional forms may be rare and not given by all sources.
† The dependent form is not used independently, negative and tense forms of the verb are produced when the dependent is preceded by the appropriate particle. The dependent 3rd person singular, the non-finite form, is used with the auxiliary verb έχω in the most common perfect tense forms. 1. Colloquial forms 2. Identical to present tense form 3. The existence of these forms is doubtful

Related terms

see: διαγωνισμός m (diagonismós, “competition, examination”)

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