βίος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Either from *gʷih₃wós (“alive”), and cognate with Old English cwic (English quick), Latin vīvus, and Old Church Slavonic живъ (živŭ); or a syncope of βίοτος (bíotos). In either case, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”), whence also ζωός (zōós) and ζῷον (zôion), and cognate with Old Church Slavonic жити (žiti), Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati), Latin vīvō, Old Armenian կեամ (keam).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /bí.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈbi.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈβi.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈvi.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈvi.os/
Noun
βῐ́ος • (bíos) m (genitive βῐ́ου); second declension
(Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)
- life (often with a positive connotation: the good life)
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ βῐ́ος ho bíos |
τὼ βῐ́ω tṑ bíō |
οἱ βῐ́οι hoi bíoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ βῐ́ου toû bíou |
τοῖν βῐ́οιν toîn bíoin |
τῶν βῐ́ων tôn bíōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ βῐ́ῳ tôi bíōi |
τοῖν βῐ́οιν toîn bíoin |
τοῖς βῐ́οις toîs bíois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν βῐ́ον tòn bíon |
τὼ βῐ́ω tṑ bíō |
τοὺς βῐ́ους toùs bíous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | βῐ́ε bíe |
βῐ́ω bíō |
βῐ́οι bíoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- βιόω (bióō)
Descendants
Further reading
- βίος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- βίος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- βίος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- βίος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- βίος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- βίος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2018)
- βίος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G979 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- being idem, page 72.
- career idem, page 113.
- course idem, page 178.
- existence idem, page 292.
- life idem, page 489.
- livelihood idem, page 495.
- living idem, page 496.
- maintenance idem, page 508.
- subsistence idem, page 832.
- support idem, page 841.
- sustenance idem, page 846.
- tenor idem, page 862.
Greek
Etymology
From Ancient Greek βίος (bíos).
Noun
βίος • (víos) m (plural βίοι)
Declension
Synonyms
- (life): ζωή n (zoḯ)
Further reading
- βίος in Triantafyllides, Hidryma (1998) Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek]
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