étoffer
French
Etymology
From Middle French estoffer, from Old French estoffer, estofer (“to provide what is needed, equip, decorate”) (originally: "stuff, upholster"), from Old Frankish *stopfôn (“to put, shove, push in”), from Proto-Germanic *stuppōną (“to stop, close, push, prick”), from Proto-Indo-European *stHb-, *stHbʰ-, *stemb-, *stembʰ- (“to stay, support, stamp, become angry, be amazed”). Cognate with Old High German stopfôn (“to put, shove, push in”), Old English stoppian (“to stop, close an aperture”). More at stop.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.tɔ.fe/
Verb
étoffer
- to stuff (e.g. a pillow)
- to upholster (e.g. furniture)
- (of clothing) to fill out
- to pad out; to flesh out (give something more substance)
- (reflexive) To fill out (get plumper)
Conjugation
Conjugation of étoffer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | étoffer | avoir étoffé | |||||
| gerund | en étoffant | en ayant étoffé | |||||
| present participle | étoffant /e.tɔ.fɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | étoffé /e.tɔ.fe/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffes /e.tɔf/ |
étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffons /e.tɔ.fɔ̃/ |
étoffez /e.tɔ.fe/ |
étoffent /e.tɔf/ |
| imperfect | étoffais /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffais /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffait /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffions /e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/ |
étoffiez /e.tɔ.fje/ |
étoffaient /e.tɔ.fɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | étoffai /e.tɔ.fe/ |
étoffas /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffa /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffâmes /e.tɔ.fam/ |
étoffâtes /e.tɔ.fat/ |
étoffèrent /e.tɔ.fɛʁ/ | |
| future | étofferai /e.tɔ.fʁe/ |
étofferas /e.tɔ.fʁa/ |
étoffera /e.tɔ.fʁa/ |
étofferons /e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/ |
étofferez /e.tɔ.fʁe/ |
étofferont /e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | étofferais /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferais /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferait /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferions /e.tɔ.fə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
étofferiez /e.tɔ.fə.ʁje/ |
étofferaient /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffes /e.tɔf/ |
étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffions /e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/ |
étoffiez /e.tɔ.fje/ |
étoffent /e.tɔf/ |
| imperfect1 | étoffasse /e.tɔ.fas/ |
étoffasses /e.tɔ.fas/ |
étoffât /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffassions /e.tɔ.fa.sjɔ̃/ |
étoffassiez /e.tɔ.fa.sje/ |
étoffassent /e.tɔ.fas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
— | étoffons /e.tɔ.fɔ̃/ |
étoffez /e.tɔ.fe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Related terms
- étoffe
- étoffement
Further reading
- “étoffer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams
This article is issued from
Wiktionary.
The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike.
Additional terms may apply for the media files.