| Conjugation of -toza |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kutoza |
kutotoza |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
toza |
tozeni |
| Habitual |
hutoza |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
nilitoza nalitoza |
tulitoza twalitoza |
ulitoza walitoza |
mlitoza mwalitoza |
alitoza |
walitoza |
ulitoza |
ilitoza |
lilitoza |
yalitoza |
kilitoza |
vilitoza |
ilitoza |
zilitoza |
ulitoza |
kulitoza |
palitoza |
mulitoza |
| Relative |
niliotoza naliotoza |
tuliotoza twaliotoza |
uliotoza waliotoza |
mliotoza mwaliotoza |
aliotoza |
waliotoza |
uliotoza |
iliotoza |
liliotoza |
yaliotoza |
kiliotoza |
viliotoza |
iliotoza |
ziliotoza |
uliotoza |
kuliotoza |
paliotoza |
muliotoza |
| Negative |
sikutoza |
hatukutoza |
hukutoza |
hamkutoza |
hakutoza |
hawakutoza |
haukutoza |
haikutoza |
halikutoza |
hayakutoza |
hakikutoza |
havikutoza |
haikutoza |
hazikutoza |
haukutoza |
hakukutoza |
hapakutoza |
hamukutoza |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninatoza natoza |
tunatoza |
unatoza |
mnatoza |
anatoza |
wanatoza |
unatoza |
inatoza |
linatoza |
yanatoza |
kinatoza |
vinatoza |
inatoza |
zinatoza |
unatoza |
kunatoza |
panatoza |
munatoza |
| Relative |
ninaotoza naotoza |
tunaotoza |
unaotoza |
mnaotoza |
anaotoza |
wanaotoza |
unaotoza |
inaotoza |
linaotoza |
yanaotoza |
kinaotoza |
vinaotoza |
inaotoza |
zinaotoza |
unaotoza |
kunaotoza |
panaotoza |
munaotoza |
| Negative |
sitozi |
hatutozi |
hutozi |
hamtozi |
hatozi |
hawatozi |
hautozi |
haitozi |
halitozi |
hayatozi |
hakitozi |
havitozi |
haitozi |
hazitozi |
hautozi |
hakutozi |
hapatozi |
hamutozi |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitatoza |
tutatoza |
utatoza |
mtatoza |
atatoza |
watatoza |
utatoza |
itatoza |
litatoza |
yatatoza |
kitatoza |
vitatoza |
itatoza |
zitatoza |
utatoza |
kutatoza |
patatoza |
mutatoza |
| Relative |
nitakaotoza |
tutakaotoza |
utakaotoza |
mtakaotoza |
atakaotoza |
watakaotoza |
utakaotoza |
itakaotoza |
litakaotoza |
yatakaotoza |
kitakaotoza |
vitakaotoza |
itakaotoza |
zitakaotoza |
utakaotoza |
kutakaotoza |
patakaotoza |
mutakaotoza |
| Negative |
sitatoza |
hatutatoza |
hutatoza |
hamtatoza |
hatatoza |
hawatatoza |
hautatoza |
haitatoza |
halitatoza |
hayatatoza |
hakitatoza |
havitatoza |
haitatoza |
hazitatoza |
hautatoza |
hakutatoza |
hapatatoza |
hamutatoza |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
nitoze |
tutoze |
utoze |
mtoze |
atoze |
watoze |
utoze |
itoze |
litoze |
yatoze |
kitoze |
vitoze |
itoze |
zitoze |
utoze |
kutoze |
patoze |
mutoze |
| Negative |
nisitoze |
tusitoze |
usitoze |
msitoze |
asitoze |
wasitoze |
usitoze |
isitoze |
lisitoze |
yasitoze |
kisitoze |
visitoze |
isitoze |
zisitoze |
usitoze |
kusitoze |
pasitoze |
musitoze |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningetoza |
tungetoza |
ungetoza |
mngetoza |
angetoza |
wangetoza |
ungetoza |
ingetoza |
lingetoza |
yangetoza |
kingetoza |
vingetoza |
ingetoza |
zingetoza |
ungetoza |
kungetoza |
pangetoza |
mungetoza |
| Negative |
nisingetoza singetoza |
tusingetoza hatungetoza |
usingetoza hungetoza |
msingetoza hamngetoza |
asingetoza hangetoza |
wasingetoza hawangetoza |
usingetoza haungetoza |
isingetoza haingetoza |
lisingetoza halingetoza |
yasingetoza hayangetoza |
kisingetoza hakingetoza |
visingetoza havingetoza |
isingetoza haingetoza |
zisingetoza hazingetoza |
usingetoza haungetoza |
kusingetoza hakungetoza |
pasingetoza hapangetoza |
musingetoza hamungetoza |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningalitoza |
tungalitoza |
ungalitoza |
mngalitoza |
angalitoza |
wangalitoza |
ungalitoza |
ingalitoza |
lingalitoza |
yangalitoza |
kingalitoza |
vingalitoza |
ingalitoza |
zingalitoza |
ungalitoza |
kungalitoza |
pangalitoza |
mungalitoza |
| Negative |
nisingalitoza singalitoza |
tusingalitoza hatungalitoza |
usingalitoza hungalitoza |
msingalitoza hamngalitoza |
asingalitoza hangalitoza |
wasingalitoza hawangalitoza |
usingalitoza haungalitoza |
isingalitoza haingalitoza |
lisingalitoza halingalitoza |
yasingalitoza hayangalitoza |
kisingalitoza hakingalitoza |
visingalitoza havingalitoza |
isingalitoza haingalitoza |
zisingalitoza hazingalitoza |
usingalitoza haungalitoza |
kusingalitoza hakungalitoza |
pasingalitoza hapangalitoza |
musingalitoza hamungalitoza |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningelitoza |
tungelitoza |
ungelitoza |
mngelitoza |
angelitoza |
wangelitoza |
ungelitoza |
ingelitoza |
lingelitoza |
yangelitoza |
kingelitoza |
vingelitoza |
ingelitoza |
zingelitoza |
ungelitoza |
kungelitoza |
pangelitoza |
mungelitoza |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nitozao |
tutozao |
utozao |
mtozao |
atozao |
watozao |
utozao |
itozao |
litozao |
yatozao |
kitozao |
vitozao |
itozao |
zitozao |
utozao |
kutozao |
patozao |
mutozao |
| Negative |
nisiotoza |
tusiotoza |
usiotoza |
msiotoza |
asiotoza |
wasiotoza |
usiotoza |
isiotoza |
lisiotoza |
yasiotoza |
kisiotoza |
visiotoza |
isiotoza |
zisiotoza |
usiotoza |
kusiotoza |
pasiotoza |
musiotoza |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
natoza |
twatoza |
watoza |
mwatoza |
atoza |
watoza |
watoza |
yatoza |
latoza |
yatoza |
chatoza |
vyatoza |
yatoza |
zatoza |
watoza |
kwatoza |
patoza |
mwatoza |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimetoza |
tumetoza |
umetoza |
mmetoza |
ametoza |
wametoza |
umetoza |
imetoza |
limetoza |
yametoza |
kimetoza |
vimetoza |
imetoza |
zimetoza |
umetoza |
kumetoza |
pametoza |
mumetoza |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshatoza |
tumeshatoza |
umeshatoza |
mmeshatoza |
ameshatoza |
wameshatoza |
umeshatoza |
imeshatoza |
limeshatoza |
yameshatoza |
kimeshatoza |
vimeshatoza |
imeshatoza |
zimeshatoza |
umeshatoza |
kumeshatoza |
pameshatoza |
mumeshatoza |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijatoza |
hatujatoza |
hujatoza |
hamjatoza |
hajatoza |
hawajatoza |
haujatoza |
haijatoza |
halijatoza |
hayajatoza |
hakijatoza |
havijatoza |
haijatoza |
hazijatoza |
haujatoza |
hakujatoza |
hapajatoza |
hamujatoza |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikitoza |
tukitoza |
ukitoza |
mkitoza |
akitoza |
wakitoza |
ukitoza |
ikitoza |
likitoza |
yakitoza |
kikitoza |
vikitoza |
ikitoza |
zikitoza |
ukitoza |
kukitoza |
pakitoza |
mukitoza |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisipotoza |
tusipotoza |
usipotoza |
msipotoza |
asipotoza |
wasipotoza |
usipotoza |
isipotoza |
lisipotoza |
yasipotoza |
kisipotoza |
visipotoza |
isipotoza |
zisipotoza |
usipotoza |
kusipotoza |
pasipotoza |
musipotoza |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikatoza |
tukatoza |
ukatoza |
mkatoza |
akatoza |
wakatoza |
ukatoza |
ikatoza |
likatoza |
yakatoza |
kikatoza |
vikatoza |
ikatoza |
zikatoza |
ukatoza |
kukatoza |
pakatoza |
mukatoza |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |