| Conjugation of -tiwa |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kutiwa |
kutotiwa |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
tiwa |
tiweni |
| Habitual |
hutiwa |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
nilitiwa nalitiwa |
tulitiwa twalitiwa |
ulitiwa walitiwa |
mlitiwa mwalitiwa |
alitiwa |
walitiwa |
ulitiwa |
ilitiwa |
lilitiwa |
yalitiwa |
kilitiwa |
vilitiwa |
ilitiwa |
zilitiwa |
ulitiwa |
kulitiwa |
palitiwa |
mulitiwa |
| Relative |
niliotiwa naliotiwa |
tuliotiwa twaliotiwa |
uliotiwa waliotiwa |
mliotiwa mwaliotiwa |
aliotiwa |
waliotiwa |
uliotiwa |
iliotiwa |
liliotiwa |
yaliotiwa |
kiliotiwa |
viliotiwa |
iliotiwa |
ziliotiwa |
uliotiwa |
kuliotiwa |
paliotiwa |
muliotiwa |
| Negative |
sikutiwa |
hatukutiwa |
hukutiwa |
hamkutiwa |
hakutiwa |
hawakutiwa |
haukutiwa |
haikutiwa |
halikutiwa |
hayakutiwa |
hakikutiwa |
havikutiwa |
haikutiwa |
hazikutiwa |
haukutiwa |
hakukutiwa |
hapakutiwa |
hamukutiwa |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninatiwa natiwa |
tunatiwa |
unatiwa |
mnatiwa |
anatiwa |
wanatiwa |
unatiwa |
inatiwa |
linatiwa |
yanatiwa |
kinatiwa |
vinatiwa |
inatiwa |
zinatiwa |
unatiwa |
kunatiwa |
panatiwa |
munatiwa |
| Relative |
ninaotiwa naotiwa |
tunaotiwa |
unaotiwa |
mnaotiwa |
anaotiwa |
wanaotiwa |
unaotiwa |
inaotiwa |
linaotiwa |
yanaotiwa |
kinaotiwa |
vinaotiwa |
inaotiwa |
zinaotiwa |
unaotiwa |
kunaotiwa |
panaotiwa |
munaotiwa |
| Negative |
sitiwi |
hatutiwi |
hutiwi |
hamtiwi |
hatiwi |
hawatiwi |
hautiwi |
haitiwi |
halitiwi |
hayatiwi |
hakitiwi |
havitiwi |
haitiwi |
hazitiwi |
hautiwi |
hakutiwi |
hapatiwi |
hamutiwi |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitatiwa |
tutatiwa |
utatiwa |
mtatiwa |
atatiwa |
watatiwa |
utatiwa |
itatiwa |
litatiwa |
yatatiwa |
kitatiwa |
vitatiwa |
itatiwa |
zitatiwa |
utatiwa |
kutatiwa |
patatiwa |
mutatiwa |
| Relative |
nitakaotiwa |
tutakaotiwa |
utakaotiwa |
mtakaotiwa |
atakaotiwa |
watakaotiwa |
utakaotiwa |
itakaotiwa |
litakaotiwa |
yatakaotiwa |
kitakaotiwa |
vitakaotiwa |
itakaotiwa |
zitakaotiwa |
utakaotiwa |
kutakaotiwa |
patakaotiwa |
mutakaotiwa |
| Negative |
sitatiwa |
hatutatiwa |
hutatiwa |
hamtatiwa |
hatatiwa |
hawatatiwa |
hautatiwa |
haitatiwa |
halitatiwa |
hayatatiwa |
hakitatiwa |
havitatiwa |
haitatiwa |
hazitatiwa |
hautatiwa |
hakutatiwa |
hapatatiwa |
hamutatiwa |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
nitiwe |
tutiwe |
utiwe |
mtiwe |
atiwe |
watiwe |
utiwe |
itiwe |
litiwe |
yatiwe |
kitiwe |
vitiwe |
itiwe |
zitiwe |
utiwe |
kutiwe |
patiwe |
mutiwe |
| Negative |
nisitiwe |
tusitiwe |
usitiwe |
msitiwe |
asitiwe |
wasitiwe |
usitiwe |
isitiwe |
lisitiwe |
yasitiwe |
kisitiwe |
visitiwe |
isitiwe |
zisitiwe |
usitiwe |
kusitiwe |
pasitiwe |
musitiwe |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningetiwa |
tungetiwa |
ungetiwa |
mngetiwa |
angetiwa |
wangetiwa |
ungetiwa |
ingetiwa |
lingetiwa |
yangetiwa |
kingetiwa |
vingetiwa |
ingetiwa |
zingetiwa |
ungetiwa |
kungetiwa |
pangetiwa |
mungetiwa |
| Negative |
nisingetiwa singetiwa |
tusingetiwa hatungetiwa |
usingetiwa hungetiwa |
msingetiwa hamngetiwa |
asingetiwa hangetiwa |
wasingetiwa hawangetiwa |
usingetiwa haungetiwa |
isingetiwa haingetiwa |
lisingetiwa halingetiwa |
yasingetiwa hayangetiwa |
kisingetiwa hakingetiwa |
visingetiwa havingetiwa |
isingetiwa haingetiwa |
zisingetiwa hazingetiwa |
usingetiwa haungetiwa |
kusingetiwa hakungetiwa |
pasingetiwa hapangetiwa |
musingetiwa hamungetiwa |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningalitiwa |
tungalitiwa |
ungalitiwa |
mngalitiwa |
angalitiwa |
wangalitiwa |
ungalitiwa |
ingalitiwa |
lingalitiwa |
yangalitiwa |
kingalitiwa |
vingalitiwa |
ingalitiwa |
zingalitiwa |
ungalitiwa |
kungalitiwa |
pangalitiwa |
mungalitiwa |
| Negative |
nisingalitiwa singalitiwa |
tusingalitiwa hatungalitiwa |
usingalitiwa hungalitiwa |
msingalitiwa hamngalitiwa |
asingalitiwa hangalitiwa |
wasingalitiwa hawangalitiwa |
usingalitiwa haungalitiwa |
isingalitiwa haingalitiwa |
lisingalitiwa halingalitiwa |
yasingalitiwa hayangalitiwa |
kisingalitiwa hakingalitiwa |
visingalitiwa havingalitiwa |
isingalitiwa haingalitiwa |
zisingalitiwa hazingalitiwa |
usingalitiwa haungalitiwa |
kusingalitiwa hakungalitiwa |
pasingalitiwa hapangalitiwa |
musingalitiwa hamungalitiwa |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningelitiwa |
tungelitiwa |
ungelitiwa |
mngelitiwa |
angelitiwa |
wangelitiwa |
ungelitiwa |
ingelitiwa |
lingelitiwa |
yangelitiwa |
kingelitiwa |
vingelitiwa |
ingelitiwa |
zingelitiwa |
ungelitiwa |
kungelitiwa |
pangelitiwa |
mungelitiwa |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nitiwao |
tutiwao |
utiwao |
mtiwao |
atiwao |
watiwao |
utiwao |
itiwao |
litiwao |
yatiwao |
kitiwao |
vitiwao |
itiwao |
zitiwao |
utiwao |
kutiwao |
patiwao |
mutiwao |
| Negative |
nisiotiwa |
tusiotiwa |
usiotiwa |
msiotiwa |
asiotiwa |
wasiotiwa |
usiotiwa |
isiotiwa |
lisiotiwa |
yasiotiwa |
kisiotiwa |
visiotiwa |
isiotiwa |
zisiotiwa |
usiotiwa |
kusiotiwa |
pasiotiwa |
musiotiwa |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
natiwa |
twatiwa |
watiwa |
mwatiwa |
atiwa |
watiwa |
watiwa |
yatiwa |
latiwa |
yatiwa |
chatiwa |
vyatiwa |
yatiwa |
zatiwa |
watiwa |
kwatiwa |
patiwa |
mwatiwa |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimetiwa |
tumetiwa |
umetiwa |
mmetiwa |
ametiwa |
wametiwa |
umetiwa |
imetiwa |
limetiwa |
yametiwa |
kimetiwa |
vimetiwa |
imetiwa |
zimetiwa |
umetiwa |
kumetiwa |
pametiwa |
mumetiwa |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshatiwa |
tumeshatiwa |
umeshatiwa |
mmeshatiwa |
ameshatiwa |
wameshatiwa |
umeshatiwa |
imeshatiwa |
limeshatiwa |
yameshatiwa |
kimeshatiwa |
vimeshatiwa |
imeshatiwa |
zimeshatiwa |
umeshatiwa |
kumeshatiwa |
pameshatiwa |
mumeshatiwa |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijatiwa |
hatujatiwa |
hujatiwa |
hamjatiwa |
hajatiwa |
hawajatiwa |
haujatiwa |
haijatiwa |
halijatiwa |
hayajatiwa |
hakijatiwa |
havijatiwa |
haijatiwa |
hazijatiwa |
haujatiwa |
hakujatiwa |
hapajatiwa |
hamujatiwa |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikitiwa |
tukitiwa |
ukitiwa |
mkitiwa |
akitiwa |
wakitiwa |
ukitiwa |
ikitiwa |
likitiwa |
yakitiwa |
kikitiwa |
vikitiwa |
ikitiwa |
zikitiwa |
ukitiwa |
kukitiwa |
pakitiwa |
mukitiwa |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisipotiwa |
tusipotiwa |
usipotiwa |
msipotiwa |
asipotiwa |
wasipotiwa |
usipotiwa |
isipotiwa |
lisipotiwa |
yasipotiwa |
kisipotiwa |
visipotiwa |
isipotiwa |
zisipotiwa |
usipotiwa |
kusipotiwa |
pasipotiwa |
musipotiwa |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikatiwa |
tukatiwa |
ukatiwa |
mkatiwa |
akatiwa |
wakatiwa |
ukatiwa |
ikatiwa |
likatiwa |
yakatiwa |
kikatiwa |
vikatiwa |
ikatiwa |
zikatiwa |
ukatiwa |
kukatiwa |
pakatiwa |
mukatiwa |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |