| Conjugation of -sema |
| Non-finite forms |
| Form |
Positive |
Negative |
| Infinitive |
kusema |
kutosema |
| Simple finite forms |
| Positive form |
Singular |
Plural |
| Imperative |
sema |
semeni |
| Habitual |
husema |
| Complex finite forms |
| Polarity |
Persons |
Persons / Classes |
Classes |
| 1st |
2nd |
3rd / M-wa |
M-mi |
Ma |
Ki-vi |
N |
U |
Ku |
Pa |
Mu |
| Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. |
Pl. |
Sg. / 1 |
Pl. / 2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 / 14 |
15 / 17 |
16 |
18 |
| Past |
| Positive |
nilisema nalisema |
tulisema twalisema |
ulisema walisema |
mlisema mwalisema |
alisema |
walisema |
ulisema |
ilisema |
lilisema |
yalisema |
kilisema |
vilisema |
ilisema |
zilisema |
ulisema |
kulisema |
palisema |
mulisema |
| Relative |
niliosema naliosema |
tuliosema twaliosema |
uliosema waliosema |
mliosema mwaliosema |
aliosema |
waliosema |
uliosema |
iliosema |
liliosema |
yaliosema |
kiliosema |
viliosema |
iliosema |
ziliosema |
uliosema |
kuliosema |
paliosema |
muliosema |
| Negative |
sikusema |
hatukusema |
hukusema |
hamkusema |
hakusema |
hawakusema |
haukusema |
haikusema |
halikusema |
hayakusema |
hakikusema |
havikusema |
haikusema |
hazikusema |
haukusema |
hakukusema |
hapakusema |
hamukusema |
|
| Present |
| Positive |
ninasema nasema |
tunasema |
unasema |
mnasema |
anasema |
wanasema |
unasema |
inasema |
linasema |
yanasema |
kinasema |
vinasema |
inasema |
zinasema |
unasema |
kunasema |
panasema |
munasema |
| Relative |
ninaosema naosema |
tunaosema |
unaosema |
mnaosema |
anaosema |
wanaosema |
unaosema |
inaosema |
linaosema |
yanaosema |
kinaosema |
vinaosema |
inaosema |
zinaosema |
unaosema |
kunaosema |
panaosema |
munaosema |
| Negative |
sisemi |
hatusemi |
husemi |
hamsemi |
hasemi |
hawasemi |
hausemi |
haisemi |
halisemi |
hayasemi |
hakisemi |
havisemi |
haisemi |
hazisemi |
hausemi |
hakusemi |
hapasemi |
hamusemi |
|
| Future |
| Positive |
nitasema |
tutasema |
utasema |
mtasema |
atasema |
watasema |
utasema |
itasema |
litasema |
yatasema |
kitasema |
vitasema |
itasema |
zitasema |
utasema |
kutasema |
patasema |
mutasema |
| Relative |
nitakaosema |
tutakaosema |
utakaosema |
mtakaosema |
atakaosema |
watakaosema |
utakaosema |
itakaosema |
litakaosema |
yatakaosema |
kitakaosema |
vitakaosema |
itakaosema |
zitakaosema |
utakaosema |
kutakaosema |
patakaosema |
mutakaosema |
| Negative |
sitasema |
hatutasema |
hutasema |
hamtasema |
hatasema |
hawatasema |
hautasema |
haitasema |
halitasema |
hayatasema |
hakitasema |
havitasema |
haitasema |
hazitasema |
hautasema |
hakutasema |
hapatasema |
hamutasema |
|
| Subjunctive |
| Positive |
niseme |
tuseme |
useme |
mseme |
aseme |
waseme |
useme |
iseme |
liseme |
yaseme |
kiseme |
viseme |
iseme |
ziseme |
useme |
kuseme |
paseme |
museme |
| Negative |
nisiseme |
tusiseme |
usiseme |
msiseme |
asiseme |
wasiseme |
usiseme |
isiseme |
lisiseme |
yasiseme |
kisiseme |
visiseme |
isiseme |
zisiseme |
usiseme |
kusiseme |
pasiseme |
musiseme |
|
| Present Conditional |
| Positive |
ningesema |
tungesema |
ungesema |
mngesema |
angesema |
wangesema |
ungesema |
ingesema |
lingesema |
yangesema |
kingesema |
vingesema |
ingesema |
zingesema |
ungesema |
kungesema |
pangesema |
mungesema |
| Negative |
nisingesema singesema |
tusingesema hatungesema |
usingesema hungesema |
msingesema hamngesema |
asingesema hangesema |
wasingesema hawangesema |
usingesema haungesema |
isingesema haingesema |
lisingesema halingesema |
yasingesema hayangesema |
kisingesema hakingesema |
visingesema havingesema |
isingesema haingesema |
zisingesema hazingesema |
usingesema haungesema |
kusingesema hakungesema |
pasingesema hapangesema |
musingesema hamungesema |
|
| Past Conditional |
| Positive |
ningalisema |
tungalisema |
ungalisema |
mngalisema |
angalisema |
wangalisema |
ungalisema |
ingalisema |
lingalisema |
yangalisema |
kingalisema |
vingalisema |
ingalisema |
zingalisema |
ungalisema |
kungalisema |
pangalisema |
mungalisema |
| Negative |
nisingalisema singalisema |
tusingalisema hatungalisema |
usingalisema hungalisema |
msingalisema hamngalisema |
asingalisema hangalisema |
wasingalisema hawangalisema |
usingalisema haungalisema |
isingalisema haingalisema |
lisingalisema halingalisema |
yasingalisema hayangalisema |
kisingalisema hakingalisema |
visingalisema havingalisema |
isingalisema haingalisema |
zisingalisema hazingalisema |
usingalisema haungalisema |
kusingalisema hakungalisema |
pasingalisema hapangalisema |
musingalisema hamungalisema |
|
| Conditional Contrary to Fact |
| Positive |
ningelisema |
tungelisema |
ungelisema |
mngelisema |
angelisema |
wangelisema |
ungelisema |
ingelisema |
lingelisema |
yangelisema |
kingelisema |
vingelisema |
ingelisema |
zingelisema |
ungelisema |
kungelisema |
pangelisema |
mungelisema |
|
| General Relative |
| Positive |
nisemao |
tusemao |
usemao |
msemao |
asemao |
wasemao |
usemao |
isemao |
lisemao |
yasemao |
kisemao |
visemao |
isemao |
zisemao |
usemao |
kusemao |
pasemao |
musemao |
| Negative |
nisiosema |
tusiosema |
usiosema |
msiosema |
asiosema |
wasiosema |
usiosema |
isiosema |
lisiosema |
yasiosema |
kisiosema |
visiosema |
isiosema |
zisiosema |
usiosema |
kusiosema |
pasiosema |
musiosema |
|
| Gnomic |
| Positive |
nasema |
twasema |
wasema |
mwasema |
asema |
wasema |
wasema |
yasema |
lasema |
yasema |
chasema |
vyasema |
yasema |
zasema |
wasema |
kwasema |
pasema |
mwasema |
|
| Perfect |
| Positive |
nimesema |
tumesema |
umesema |
mmesema |
amesema |
wamesema |
umesema |
imesema |
limesema |
yamesema |
kimesema |
vimesema |
imesema |
zimesema |
umesema |
kumesema |
pamesema |
mumesema |
|
| "Already" |
| Positive |
nimeshasema |
tumeshasema |
umeshasema |
mmeshasema |
ameshasema |
wameshasema |
umeshasema |
imeshasema |
limeshasema |
yameshasema |
kimeshasema |
vimeshasema |
imeshasema |
zimeshasema |
umeshasema |
kumeshasema |
pameshasema |
mumeshasema |
|
| "Not yet" |
| Negative |
sijasema |
hatujasema |
hujasema |
hamjasema |
hajasema |
hawajasema |
haujasema |
haijasema |
halijasema |
hayajasema |
hakijasema |
havijasema |
haijasema |
hazijasema |
haujasema |
hakujasema |
hapajasema |
hamujasema |
|
| "If/When" |
| Positive |
nikisema |
tukisema |
ukisema |
mkisema |
akisema |
wakisema |
ukisema |
ikisema |
likisema |
yakisema |
kikisema |
vikisema |
ikisema |
zikisema |
ukisema |
kukisema |
pakisema |
mukisema |
|
| "If not" |
| Negative |
nisiposema |
tusiposema |
usiposema |
msiposema |
asiposema |
wasiposema |
usiposema |
isiposema |
lisiposema |
yasiposema |
kisiposema |
visiposema |
isiposema |
zisiposema |
usiposema |
kusiposema |
pasiposema |
musiposema |
|
| Consecutive |
| Positive |
nikasema |
tukasema |
ukasema |
mkasema |
akasema |
wakasema |
ukasema |
ikasema |
likasema |
yakasema |
kikasema |
vikasema |
ikasema |
zikasema |
ukasema |
kukasema |
pakasema |
mukasema |
|
| Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |