ogopa

Swahili

Etymology

From oga (“cowardly”).

Verb

-ogopa (infinitive kuogopa)

  1. fear, be afraid

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ogopa
Non-finite forms
Form Positive Negative
Infinitive kuogopa kutoogopa
Simple finite forms
Positive form Singular Plural
Imperative ogopa ogopeni
Habitual huogopa
Complex finite forms
Polarity Persons Persons / Classes Classes
1st 2nd 3rd / M-wa M-mi Ma Ki-vi N U Ku Pa Mu
Sg. Pl. Sg. Pl. Sg. / 1 Pl. / 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 / 14 15 / 17 16 18
Past
Positive niliogopa
naliogopa		 tuliogopa
twaliogopa		 uliogopa
waliogopa		 mliogopa
mwaliogopa		 aliogopa waliogopa uliogopa iliogopa liliogopa yaliogopa kiliogopa viliogopa iliogopa ziliogopa uliogopa kuliogopa paliogopa muliogopa
Relative nilioogopa
nalioogopa		 tulioogopa
twalioogopa		 ulioogopa
walioogopa		 mlioogopa
mwalioogopa		 alioogopa walioogopa ulioogopa ilioogopa lilioogopa yalioogopa kilioogopa vilioogopa ilioogopa zilioogopa ulioogopa kulioogopa palioogopa mulioogopa
Negative sikuogopa hatukuogopa hukuogopa hamkuogopa hakuogopa hawakuogopa haukuogopa haikuogopa halikuogopa hayakuogopa hakikuogopa havikuogopa haikuogopa hazikuogopa haukuogopa hakukuogopa hapakuogopa hamukuogopa
Present
Positive ninaogopa
naogopa		 tunaogopa unaogopa mnaogopa anaogopa wanaogopa unaogopa inaogopa linaogopa yanaogopa kinaogopa vinaogopa inaogopa zinaogopa unaogopa kunaogopa panaogopa munaogopa
Relative ninaoogopa
naoogopa		 tunaoogopa unaoogopa mnaoogopa anaoogopa wanaoogopa unaoogopa inaoogopa linaoogopa yanaoogopa kinaoogopa vinaoogopa inaoogopa zinaoogopa unaoogopa kunaoogopa panaoogopa munaoogopa
Negative siogopi hatuogopi huogopi hamogopi haogopi hawaogopi hauogopi haiogopi haliogopi hayaogopi hakiogopi haviogopi haiogopi haziogopi hauogopi hakuogopi hapaogopi hamuogopi
Future
Positive nitaogopa tutaogopa utaogopa mtaogopa ataogopa wataogopa utaogopa itaogopa litaogopa yataogopa kitaogopa vitaogopa itaogopa zitaogopa utaogopa kutaogopa pataogopa mutaogopa
Relative nitakaoogopa tutakaoogopa utakaoogopa mtakaoogopa atakaoogopa watakaoogopa utakaoogopa itakaoogopa litakaoogopa yatakaoogopa kitakaoogopa vitakaoogopa itakaoogopa zitakaoogopa utakaoogopa kutakaoogopa patakaoogopa mutakaoogopa
Negative sitaogopa hatutaogopa hutaogopa hamtaogopa hataogopa hawataogopa hautaogopa haitaogopa halitaogopa hayataogopa hakitaogopa havitaogopa haitaogopa hazitaogopa hautaogopa hakutaogopa hapataogopa hamutaogopa
Subjunctive
Positive niogope tuogope uogope mogope aogope waogope uogope iogope liogope yaogope kiogope viogope iogope ziogope uogope kuogope paogope muogope
Negative nisiogope tusiogope usiogope msiogope asiogope wasiogope usiogope isiogope lisiogope yasiogope kisiogope visiogope isiogope zisiogope usiogope kusiogope pasiogope musiogope
Present Conditional
Positive ningeogopa tungeogopa ungeogopa mngeogopa angeogopa wangeogopa ungeogopa ingeogopa lingeogopa yangeogopa kingeogopa vingeogopa ingeogopa zingeogopa ungeogopa kungeogopa pangeogopa mungeogopa
Negative nisingeogopa
singeogopa		 tusingeogopa
hatungeogopa		 usingeogopa
hungeogopa		 msingeogopa
hamngeogopa		 asingeogopa
hangeogopa		 wasingeogopa
hawangeogopa		 usingeogopa
haungeogopa		 isingeogopa
haingeogopa		 lisingeogopa
halingeogopa		 yasingeogopa
hayangeogopa		 kisingeogopa
hakingeogopa		 visingeogopa
havingeogopa		 isingeogopa
haingeogopa		 zisingeogopa
hazingeogopa		 usingeogopa
haungeogopa		 kusingeogopa
hakungeogopa		 pasingeogopa
hapangeogopa		 musingeogopa
hamungeogopa
Past Conditional
Positive ningaliogopa tungaliogopa ungaliogopa mngaliogopa angaliogopa wangaliogopa ungaliogopa ingaliogopa lingaliogopa yangaliogopa kingaliogopa vingaliogopa ingaliogopa zingaliogopa ungaliogopa kungaliogopa pangaliogopa mungaliogopa
Negative nisingaliogopa
singaliogopa		 tusingaliogopa
hatungaliogopa		 usingaliogopa
hungaliogopa		 msingaliogopa
hamngaliogopa		 asingaliogopa
hangaliogopa		 wasingaliogopa
hawangaliogopa		 usingaliogopa
haungaliogopa		 isingaliogopa
haingaliogopa		 lisingaliogopa
halingaliogopa		 yasingaliogopa
hayangaliogopa		 kisingaliogopa
hakingaliogopa		 visingaliogopa
havingaliogopa		 isingaliogopa
haingaliogopa		 zisingaliogopa
hazingaliogopa		 usingaliogopa
haungaliogopa		 kusingaliogopa
hakungaliogopa		 pasingaliogopa
hapangaliogopa		 musingaliogopa
hamungaliogopa
Conditional Contrary to Fact
Positive ningeliogopa tungeliogopa ungeliogopa mngeliogopa angeliogopa wangeliogopa ungeliogopa ingeliogopa lingeliogopa yangeliogopa kingeliogopa vingeliogopa ingeliogopa zingeliogopa ungeliogopa kungeliogopa pangeliogopa mungeliogopa
General Relative
Positive niogopao tuogopao uogopao mogopao aogopao waogopao uogopao iogopao liogopao yaogopao kiogopao viogopao iogopao ziogopao uogopao kuogopao paogopao muogopao
Negative nisioogopa tusioogopa usioogopa msioogopa asioogopa wasioogopa usioogopa isioogopa lisioogopa yasioogopa kisioogopa visioogopa isioogopa zisioogopa usioogopa kusioogopa pasioogopa musioogopa
Gnomic
Positive naogopa twaogopa waogopa mwaogopa aogopa waogopa waogopa yaogopa laogopa yaogopa chaogopa vyaogopa yaogopa zaogopa waogopa kwaogopa paogopa mwaogopa
Perfect
Positive nimeogopa tumeogopa umeogopa mmeogopa ameogopa wameogopa umeogopa imeogopa limeogopa yameogopa kimeogopa vimeogopa imeogopa zimeogopa umeogopa kumeogopa pameogopa mumeogopa
"Already"
Positive nimeshaogopa tumeshaogopa umeshaogopa mmeshaogopa ameshaogopa wameshaogopa umeshaogopa imeshaogopa limeshaogopa yameshaogopa kimeshaogopa vimeshaogopa imeshaogopa zimeshaogopa umeshaogopa kumeshaogopa pameshaogopa mumeshaogopa
"Not yet"
Negative sijaogopa hatujaogopa hujaogopa hamjaogopa hajaogopa hawajaogopa haujaogopa haijaogopa halijaogopa hayajaogopa hakijaogopa havijaogopa haijaogopa hazijaogopa haujaogopa hakujaogopa hapajaogopa hamujaogopa
"If/When"
Positive nikiogopa tukiogopa ukiogopa mkiogopa akiogopa wakiogopa ukiogopa ikiogopa likiogopa yakiogopa kikiogopa vikiogopa ikiogopa zikiogopa ukiogopa kukiogopa pakiogopa mukiogopa
"If not"
Negative nisipoogopa tusipoogopa usipoogopa msipoogopa asipoogopa wasipoogopa usipoogopa isipoogopa lisipoogopa yasipoogopa kisipoogopa visipoogopa isipoogopa zisipoogopa usipoogopa kusipoogopa pasipoogopa musipoogopa
Consecutive
Positive nikaogopa tukaogopa ukaogopa mkaogopa akaogopa wakaogopa ukaogopa ikaogopa likaogopa yakaogopa kikaogopa vikaogopa ikaogopa zikaogopa ukaogopa kukaogopa pakaogopa mukaogopa
Not all possible forms are listed in the table. Transitive verbs can take object concords, relative concords can agree with all noun classes, and many other forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

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