instrumental case

English

instrumental case (plural instrumental cases)

(grammar) A noun case used to express means or agency—and is generally indicated in English by by or with with the objective. Languages that use the instrumental case include Armenian, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Dyirbal, Georgian, Latvian, Slovene, Polish, Quechua, Russian and Sanskrit. Extinct languages that used the instrumental case include Old English, Old Saxon and Old High German.

case to express agency or means

Armenian: գործիական հոլով (gorciakan holov), գործիական (hy) (gorciakan)
Belarusian: тво́рны склон m (tvórny sklon)
Bulgarian: творителен падеж m (tvorítelen padéž)
Chechen: коьчалниг дожар (köčalnig dožar)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 工具格 (zh)
Czech: sedmý pád m, instrumentál (cs) m
Danish: instrumentalis (da) c
Dutch: instrumentalis (nl)
Faroese: verkførisfall (fo), tólfall n, amboðsfall n
Finnish: instrumentaali (fi)
French: instrumental (fr) m, cas instrumental (fr) m
Georgian: მოქმედებითი (ka) (mokmedebiti), მოქმედებითი ბრუნვა (ka) (mokmedebiti brunva)
German: Instrumentalis (de) m, Instrumental-Kasus m
Greek: οργανική (el) f (organikí), οργανική πτώση f (organikí ptósi)
Hungarian: eszközhatározó eset (hu) (using -val/-vel ending)
Icelandic: tækisfall (is) n
Italian: caso strumentale m
Japanese: 造格 (ja) (ぞうかく, zoukaku/zōkaku), 具格 (ja) (ぐかく, gukaku)
Kalmyk: бүрдәгч киисквр (bürdägç kiiskvr)
Korean: 조격 (ko) (jogyeok)