gercer
French
Etymology
From Middle French garser (“to skin, flay”), from Old French garser, jarser (“to gash, wound”), possibly from Late Latin caraxāre, charaxāre, from Ancient Greek χαράσσειν (kharássein, “to cut, incise”). Alternatively from Latin *carptiāre, from carpĕre (“to pull, pluck”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒɛʁ.se/
Verb
gercer
- (transitive, intransitive) to chap, become chapped
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which ‘c’ is softened to a ‘ç’ before the vowels ‘a’ and ‘o’.
Conjugation of gercer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | gercer | avoir gercé | |||||
| gerund | en gerçant | en ayant gercé | |||||
| present participle | gerçant /ʒɛʁ.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | gercé /ʒɛʁ.se/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerces /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerçons /ʒɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
gercez /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
gercent /ʒɛʁs/ |
| imperfect | gerçais /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gerçais /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gerçait /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gercions /ʒɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
gerciez /ʒɛʁ.sje/ |
gerçaient /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | gerçai /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
gerças /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerça /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerçâmes /ʒɛʁ.sam/ |
gerçâtes /ʒɛʁ.sat/ |
gercèrent /ʒɛʁ.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | gercerai /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
gerceras /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
gercera /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
gercerons /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ |
gercerez /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
gerceront /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | gercerais /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerais /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerait /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerions /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gerceriez /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁje/ |
gerceraient /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerces /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gercions /ʒɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
gerciez /ʒɛʁ.sje/ |
gercent /ʒɛʁs/ |
| imperfect1 | gerçasse /ʒɛʁ.sas/ |
gerçasses /ʒɛʁ.sas/ |
gerçât /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerçassions /ʒɛʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
gerçassiez /ʒɛʁ.sa.sje/ |
gerçassent /ʒɛʁ.sas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
— | gerçons /ʒɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
gercez /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “gercer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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