emprunter
French
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin root *imprōmūtuāre, from Latin prōmūtuārī, present active infinitive of prōmūtuor, from prōmūtuum. Compare Italian improntare, Romanian împrumuta.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.te/
-
audio (file)
Verb
emprunter
- to borrow
Conjugation
Conjugation of emprunter (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | emprunter | avoir emprunté | |||||
| gerund | en empruntant | en ayant emprunté | |||||
| present participle | empruntant /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | emprunté /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.te/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | emprunte /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
empruntes /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
emprunte /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
empruntons /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɔ̃/ |
empruntez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.te/ |
empruntent /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
| imperfect | empruntais /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɛ/ |
empruntais /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɛ/ |
empruntait /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɛ/ |
empruntions /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
empruntiez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tje/ |
empruntaient /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | empruntai /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.te/ |
empruntas /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.ta/ |
emprunta /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.ta/ |
empruntâmes /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tam/ |
empruntâtes /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tat/ |
empruntèrent /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | emprunterai /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁe/ |
emprunteras /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁa/ |
empruntera /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁa/ |
emprunterons /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɔ̃/ |
emprunterez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁe/ |
emprunteront /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | emprunterais /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɛ/ |
emprunterais /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɛ/ |
emprunterait /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɛ/ |
emprunterions /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
emprunteriez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tə.ʁje/ |
emprunteraient /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | emprunte /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
empruntes /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
emprunte /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
empruntions /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tjɔ̃/ |
empruntiez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tje/ |
empruntent /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
| imperfect1 | empruntasse /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tas/ |
empruntasses /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tas/ |
empruntât /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.ta/ |
empruntassions /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
empruntassiez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.ta.sje/ |
empruntassent /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | emprunte /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃t/ |
— | empruntons /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.tɔ̃/ |
empruntez /ɑ̃.pʁœ̃.te/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Further reading
- “emprunter” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Verb
emprunter
- to borrow
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of emprunter
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | emprunter | avoir emprunté | |||||
| gerund | en empruntant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | empruntant | ||||||
| past participle | emprunté | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | emprunte | empruntes | emprunte | empruntons | empruntez | empruntent |
| imperfect | empruntois, empruntoys | empruntois, empruntoys | empruntoit, empruntoyt | empruntions, empruntyons | empruntiez, empruntyez | empruntoient, empruntoyent | |
| past historic | emprunta | empruntas | emprunta | empruntasmes | empruntastes | emprunterent | |
| future | emprunterai, emprunteray | emprunteras | empruntera | emprunterons | emprunterez | emprunteront | |
| conditional | emprunterois, emprunteroys | emprunterois, emprunteroys | emprunteroit, emprunteroyt | emprunterions, emprunteryons | emprunteriez, emprunteryez | emprunteroient, emprunteroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | emprunte | empruntes | emprunte | empruntons | empruntez | empruntent |
| imperfect | empruntasse | empruntasses | empruntast | empruntassions | empruntassiez | empruntassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | emprunte | — | empruntons | empruntez | — | ||
Norman
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *imprumutuāre, from *impromutuāre, from Latin promutuor, promutuārī (“lend beforehand”), from promutuum (“advance, loan”).
Pronunciation
-
Audio (Jersey) (file)
Verb
emprunter
Antonyms
- prêter (“to lend”)
Derived terms
- emprunt (“loan”)
- emprunteux (“borrower”)
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