couper
French
Etymology
From Old French coper, colper (“to cut off”), probably, derived from cop (“blow”), colp (modern coup), with its meaning coming from the idea of cutting off with a blow. It may correspond to a Vulgar Latin verb *colpāre, syncopated form of *colaphāre, from Latin colaphus (compare Old Spanish golpar, colpar, Old Portuguese golpar, golbar). Alternatively, possibly from Vulgar Latin *cuppāre (“to behead”), from Latin caput (“head”), although this is unlikely.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ku.pe/
audio (file)
Verb
couper
- to cut, cut up, to chop
- to cut off, to keep out
- to dilute (with water)
- (reflexive, se couper, of leather) to crack
Conjugation
Conjugation of couper (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | couper | avoir coupé | |||||
| gerund | en coupant | en ayant coupé | |||||
| present participle | coupant /ku.pɑ̃/ | ||||||
| past participle | coupé /ku.pe/ | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il | nous | vous | ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | coupe /kup/ |
coupes /kup/ |
coupe /kup/ |
coupons /ku.pɔ̃/ |
coupez /ku.pe/ |
coupent /kup/ |
| imperfect | coupais /ku.pɛ/ |
coupais /ku.pɛ/ |
coupait /ku.pɛ/ |
coupions /ku.pjɔ̃/ |
coupiez /ku.pje/ |
coupaient /ku.pɛ/ | |
| past historic1 | coupai /ku.pe/ |
coupas /ku.pa/ |
coupa /ku.pa/ |
coupâmes /ku.pam/ |
coupâtes /ku.pat/ |
coupèrent /ku.pɛʁ/ | |
| future | couperai /ku.pʁe/ |
couperas /ku.pʁa/ |
coupera /ku.pʁa/ |
couperons /ku.pʁɔ̃/ |
couperez /ku.pʁe/ |
couperont /ku.pʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | couperais /ku.pʁɛ/ |
couperais /ku.pʁɛ/ |
couperait /ku.pʁɛ/ |
couperions /ku.pə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
couperiez /ku.pə.ʁje/ |
couperaient /ku.pʁɛ/ | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior1 | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il | que nous | que vous | qu’ils | |
| simple tenses |
present | coupe /kup/ |
coupes /kup/ |
coupe /kup/ |
coupions /ku.pjɔ̃/ |
coupiez /ku.pje/ |
coupent /kup/ |
| imperfect1 | coupasse /ku.pas/ |
coupasses /ku.pas/ |
coupât /ku.pa/ |
coupassions /ku.pa.sjɔ̃/ |
coupassiez /ku.pa.sje/ |
coupassent /ku.pas/ | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect1 | Use the imperfect subjunctive tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | coupe /kup/ |
— | coupons /ku.pɔ̃/ |
coupez /ku.pe/ |
— | ||
| 1literary tenses | |||||||
Derived terms
Derived terms
- à-coup
- contre-coupe
- cou-coupé
- coup-de-poing
- coupe-air
- coupe-ballot
- coupe-batterie
- coupe-bourgeon
- coupe-bourse
- coupe-cercle
- coupe-choux
- coupe-cigares
- coupe-circuit
- coupe-collets
- coupe-cors
- coupe-coupe
- coupe-faim
- coupe-feu
- coupe-file
- coupe-filet
- coupe-foin
- coupe-gaz
- coupe-gazon
- coupe-gorge
- coupe-jambon
- coupe-jarret
- coupe-légumes
- coupé-lit
- coupe-mottes
- coupe-ongles
- coupe-paille
- coupe-papier
- coupe-passepoil
- coupe-pâte
- coupe-queue
- coupe-racines
- coupe-sève
- coupe-sucre
- coupe-tête
- coupe-tige
- coupe-tube
- coupe-vent
- demi-coup
Related terms
See also
See also
- beaucoup
- contrecoup
- coupable
- coupablement
- coupage
- coupailler
- coupeau
- coupeillon
- coupement
- couper dans le vif
- couperet
- couperie
- couperose
- couperoser
- coupeur
- couperu
- coupil
- coupille
- coupis
- coupoir
- coupon
- coupure
- découpage
- découper
- découpeur
- découpoir
- découpure
- entrecoupage
- entrecoupement
- entrecouper
- entrecoupeuse
- oxycoupage
- recoupage
- recoupement
- recouper
- recoupette
- recoupon
- recouponnement
- recouponner
- surcouper
- tailler
Further reading
- “couper” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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