cinn

Irish

Pronunciation

(Ring, West Muskerry) IPA^(key): /cəiɲ/
(West Kerry) IPA^(key): /ciːnʲ/
(Galway) IPA^(key): /ciːn̠ʲ/
(Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): [cɪn̠ʲ]

Etymology 1

Verb

cinn (present analytic cinneann, future analytic cinnfidh, verbal noun cinneadh, past participle cinnte)

to decide

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	cinnim	cinneann tú; cinnir^†	cinneann sé, sí	cinnimid	cinneann sibh	cinneann siad; cinnid^†	a chinneann; a chinneas / a gcinneann; a gcinneas	cinntear
	past	chinn mé; chinneas	chinn tú; chinnis	chinn sé, sí	chinneamar; chinn muid	chinn sibh; chinneabhair	chinn siad; chinneadar	a chinn / ar chinn*	cinneadh
	past habitual	chinninn	chinnteá	chinneadh sé, sí	chinnimis; chinneadh muid	chinneadh sibh	chinnidís; chinneadh siad	a chinneadh / ar chinneadh*	chinntí
	future	cinnfidh mé; cinnfead	cinnfidh tú; cinnfir^†	cinnfidh sé, sí	cinnfimid; cinnfidh muid	cinnfidh sibh	cinnfidh siad; cinnfid^†	a chinnfidh; a chinnfeas / a gcinnfidh; a gcinnfeas	cinnfear
conditional		chinnfinn	chinnfeá	chinnfeadh sé, sí	chinnfimis; chinnfeadh muid	chinnfeadh sibh	chinnfidís; chinnfeadh siad	a chinnfeadh / ar chinnfeadh*	chinnfí
subjunctive	present	go gcinne mé; go gcinnead^†	go gcinne tú; go gcinnir^†	go gcinne sé, sí	go gcinnimid; go gcinne muid	go gcinne sibh	go gcinne siad; go gcinnid^†	—	go gcinntear
subjunctive	past	dá gcinninn	dá gcinnteá	dá gcinneadh sé, sí	dá gcinnimis; dá gcinneadh muid	dá gcinneadh sibh	dá gcinnidís; dá gcinneadh siad	—	dá gcinntí
imperative		cinnim	cinn	cinneadh sé, sí	cinnimis	cinnigí; cinnidh^†	cinnidís	—	cinntear
verbal noun		cinneadh
past participle		cinnte

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form

Etymology 2

Inflected form of ceann.

Alternative forms

(nominative/dative plural): ceanna (Cois Fharraige)

Noun

cinn m

genitive singular of ceann
nominative plural of ceann
dative plural of ceann

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cinn	chinn	gcinn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Middle Irish

Noun

cinn

genitive singular of cenn
nominative plural of cenn

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cinn	chinn	cinn pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *kinnuz (“chin”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénu-, *ǵénus. Compare Old Frisian zin, Old Saxon, Old Dutch, and Old High German kinni, Old Norse kinn, Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌿𐍃 (kinnus) and Latin gena, Ancient Greek γένυς (génus), Welsh gen, Tocharian A śanwem, Old Armenian ծնաւտ (cnawt), Lithuanian žandas, Persian (čâne), Sanskrit हनु (hánu).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃinn/

Alternative forms

ċin

Noun

ċinn n

chin
- 1876, "C" in the Encyclopædia Britannica, 9th ed., Vol. IV, p. 616:
  Our English ch (pronounced tch) for original c (as in chin for Old English cin, child for cild) is due probably to Norman influence, but here, as often, it is difficult to differentiate the results of the many disturbing causes which have operated upon our language.

Descendants

Middle English: chin
- English: chin

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *kunją (“race, kind”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkinn/

Noun

cinn n

Alternative form of cynn

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʲin͈ʲ/

Noun

cinn

genitive singular of cenn

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cinn	chinn	cinn pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʲʰiːɲ/

Etymology 1

Verb

cinn (past chinn, future cinnidh, verbal noun cinntinn, past participle cinnte)

grow
prosper

Etymology 2

Noun

cinn m

genitive singular of ceann
nominative plural of ceann

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