bonakala

Xhosa

Verb

-bonakala?

  1. appear

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From -bona +‎ -akala.

Verb

-bonakala?

  1. (intransitive) to appear, to come into sight
  2. (intransitive) to be visible
  3. (intransitive) to be clear, obvious
  4. (intransitive) to seem, to look like

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive ukubonakala
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukubonakala ukungabonakali
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular bonakala bonakale
Plural bonakalani bonakaleni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyabonakala, ngibonakala engibonakalayo, engibonakala ngibonakala angibonakali engingabonakali ngingabonakali
2nd singular uyabonakala, ubonakala obonakalayo, obonakala ubonakala awubonakali ongabonakali ungabonakali
1st plural siyabonakala, sibonakala esibonakalayo, esibonakala sibonakala asibonakali esingabonakali singabonakali
2nd plural niyabonakala, nibonakala enibonakalayo, enibonakala nibonakala anibonakali eningabonakali ningabonakali
Class 1 uyabonakala, ubonakala obonakalayo, obonakala ebonakala akabonakali ongabonakali engabonakali
Class 2 bayabonakala, babonakala ababonakalayo, ababonakala bebonakala ababonakali abangabonakali bengabonakali
Class 3 uyabonakala, ubonakala obonakalayo, obonakala ubonakala awubonakali ongabonakali ungabonakali
Class 4 iyabonakala, ibonakala ebonakalayo, ebonakala ibonakala ayibonakali engabonakali ingabonakali
Class 5 liyabonakala, libonakala elibonakalayo, elibonakala libonakala alibonakali elingabonakali lingabonakali
Class 6 ayabonakala, abonakala abonakalayo, abonakala ebonakala awabonakali angabonakali engabonakali
Class 7 siyabonakala, sibonakala esibonakalayo, esibonakala sibonakala asibonakali esingabonakali singabonakali
Class 8 ziyabonakala, zibonakala ezibonakalayo, ezibonakala zibonakala azibonakali ezingabonakali zingabonakali
Class 9 iyabonakala, ibonakala ebonakalayo, ebonakala ibonakala ayibonakali engabonakali ingabonakali
Class 10 ziyabonakala, zibonakala ezibonakalayo, ezibonakala zibonakala azibonakali ezingabonakali zingabonakali
Class 11 luyabonakala, lubonakala olubonakalayo, olubonakala lubonakala alubonakali olungabonakali lungabonakali
Class 14 buyabonakala, bubonakala obubonakalayo, obubonakala bubonakala abubonakali obungabonakali bungabonakali
Class 15 kuyabonakala, kubonakala okubonakalayo, okubonakala kubonakala akubonakali okungabonakali kungabonakali
Class 17 kuyabonakala, kubonakala okubonakalayo, okubonakala kubonakala akubonakali okungabonakali kungabonakali
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngibonakele engibonakele ngibonakele angibonakalanga engingabonakalanga ngingabonakalanga
2nd singular ubonakele obonakele ubonakele awubonakalanga ongabonakalanga ungabonakalanga
1st plural sibonakele esibonakele sibonakele asibonakalanga esingabonakalanga singabonakalanga
2nd plural nibonakele enibonakele nibonakele anibonakalanga eningabonakalanga ningabonakalanga
Class 1 ubonakele obonakele ebonakele akabonakalanga ongabonakalanga engabonakalanga
Class 2 babonakele ababonakele bebonakele ababonakalanga abangabonakalanga bengabonakalanga
Class 3 ubonakele obonakele ubonakele awubonakalanga ongabonakalanga ungabonakalanga
Class 4 ibonakele ebonakele ibonakele ayibonakalanga engabonakalanga ingabonakalanga
Class 5 libonakele elibonakele libonakele alibonakalanga elingabonakalanga lingabonakalanga
Class 6 abonakele abonakele ebonakele awabonakalanga angabonakalanga engabonakalanga
Class 7 sibonakele esibonakele sibonakele asibonakalanga esingabonakalanga singabonakalanga
Class 8 zibonakele ezibonakele zibonakele azibonakalanga ezingabonakalanga zingabonakalanga
Class 9 ibonakele ebonakele ibonakele ayibonakalanga engabonakalanga ingabonakalanga
Class 10 zibonakele ezibonakele zibonakele azibonakalanga ezingabonakalanga zingabonakalanga
Class 11 lubonakele olubonakele lubonakele alubonakalanga olungabonakalanga lungabonakalanga
Class 14 bubonakele obubonakele bubonakele abubonakalanga obungabonakalanga bungabonakalanga
Class 15 kubonakele okubonakele kubonakele akubonakalanga okungabonakalanga kungabonakalanga
Class 17 kubonakele okubonakele kubonakele akubonakalanga okungabonakalanga kungabonakalanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngābonakala engābonakala ngābonakala angibonakalanga engingabonakalanga ngingabonakalanga
2nd singular wābonakala owābonakala wābonakala awubonakalanga ongabonakalanga ungabonakalanga
1st plural sābonakala esābonakala sābonakala asibonakalanga esingabonakalanga singabonakalanga
2nd plural nābonakala enābonakala nābonakala anibonakalanga eningabonakalanga ningabonakalanga
Class 1 wābonakala owābonakala ābonakala akabonakalanga ongabonakalanga engabonakalanga
Class 2 bābonakala abābonakala bābonakala ababonakalanga abangabonakalanga bengabonakalanga
Class 3 wābonakala owābonakala wābonakala awubonakalanga ongabonakalanga ungabonakalanga
Class 4 yābonakala eyābonakala yābonakala ayibonakalanga engabonakalanga ingabonakalanga
Class 5 lābonakala elābonakala lābonakala alibonakalanga elingabonakalanga lingabonakalanga
Class 6 ābonakala ābonakala ābonakala awabonakalanga angabonakalanga engabonakalanga
Class 7 sābonakala esābonakala sābonakala asibonakalanga esingabonakalanga singabonakalanga
Class 8 zābonakala ezābonakala zābonakala azibonakalanga ezingabonakalanga zingabonakalanga
Class 9 yābonakala eyābonakala yābonakala ayibonakalanga engabonakalanga ingabonakalanga
Class 10 zābonakala ezābonakala zābonakala azibonakalanga ezingabonakalanga zingabonakalanga
Class 11 lwābonakala olwābonakala lwābonakala alubonakalanga olungabonakalanga lungabonakalanga
Class 14 bābonakala obābonakala bābonakala abubonakalanga obungabonakalanga bungabonakalanga
Class 15 kwābonakala okwābonakala kwābonakala akubonakalanga okungabonakalanga kungabonakalanga
Class 17 kwābonakala okwābonakala kwābonakala akubonakalanga okungabonakalanga kungabonakalanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingabonakala — ngingabonakala ngingebonakale — ngingebonakale
2nd singular ungabonakala — ungabonakala ungebonakale — ungebonakale
1st plural singabonakala — singabonakala singebonakale — singebonakale
2nd plural ningabonakala — ningabonakala ningebonakale — ningebonakale
Class 1 angabonakala — engabonakala angebonakale — engebonakale
Class 2 bangabonakala — bengabonakala bangebonakale — bengebonakale
Class 3 ungabonakala — ungabonakala ungebonakale — ungebonakale
Class 4 ingabonakala — ingabonakala ingebonakale — ingebonakale
Class 5 lingabonakala — lingabonakala lingebonakale — lingebonakale
Class 6 angabonakala — engabonakala angebonakale — engebonakale
Class 7 singabonakala — singabonakala singebonakale — singebonakale
Class 8 zingabonakala — zingabonakala zingebonakale — zingebonakale
Class 9 ingabonakala — ingabonakala ingebonakale — ingebonakale
Class 10 zingabonakala — zingabonakala zingebonakale — zingebonakale
Class 11 lungabonakala — lungabonakala lungebonakale — lungebonakale
Class 14 bungabonakala — bungabonakala bungebonakale — bungebonakale
Class 15 kungabonakala — kungabonakala kungebonakale — kungebonakale
Class 17 kungabonakala — kungabonakala kungebonakale — kungebonakale
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizobonakala engizobonakala ngizobonakala angizubonakala — ngingezubonakala
2nd singular uzobonakala ozobonakala uzobonakala awuzubonakala — ungezubonakala
1st plural sizobonakala esizobonakala sizobonakala asizubonakala — singezubonakala
2nd plural nizobonakala enizobonakala nizobonakala anizubonakala — ningezubonakala
Class 1 uzobonakala ozobonakala ezobonakala akazubonakala — engezubonakala
Class 2 bazobonakala abazobonakala bezobonakala abazubonakala — bengezubonakala
Class 3 uzobonakala ozobonakala uzobonakala awuzubonakala — ungezubonakala
Class 4 izobonakala ezobonakala izobonakala ayizubonakala — ingezubonakala
Class 5 lizobonakala elizobonakala lizobonakala alizubonakala — lingezubonakala
Class 6 azobonakala azobonakala ezobonakala awazubonakala — engezubonakala
Class 7 sizobonakala esizobonakala sizobonakala asizubonakala — singezubonakala
Class 8 zizobonakala ezizobonakala zizobonakala azizubonakala — zingezubonakala
Class 9 izobonakala ezobonakala izobonakala ayizubonakala — ingezubonakala
Class 10 zizobonakala ezizobonakala zizobonakala azizubonakala — zingezubonakala
Class 11 luzobonakala oluzobonakala luzobonakala aluzubonakala — lungezubonakala
Class 14 buzobonakala obuzobonakala buzobonakala abuzubonakala — bungezubonakala
Class 15 kuzobonakala okuzobonakala kuzobonakala akuzubonakala — kungezubonakala
Class 17 kuzobonakala okuzobonakala kuzobonakala akuzubonakala — kungezubonakala
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyobonakala engiyobonakala ngiyobonakala angiyubonakala — ngingeyubonakala
2nd singular uyobonakala oyobonakala uyobonakala awuyubonakala — ungeyubonakala
1st plural siyobonakala esiyobonakala siyobonakala asiyubonakala — singeyubonakala
2nd plural niyobonakala eniyobonakala niyobonakala aniyubonakala — ningeyubonakala
Class 1 uyobonakala oyobonakala eyobonakala akayubonakala — engeyubonakala
Class 2 bayobonakala abayobonakala beyobonakala abayubonakala — bengeyubonakala
Class 3 uyobonakala oyobonakala uyobonakala awuyubonakala — ungeyubonakala
Class 4 iyobonakala eyobonakala iyobonakala ayiyubonakala — ingeyubonakala
Class 5 liyobonakala eliyobonakala liyobonakala aliyubonakala — lingeyubonakala
Class 6 ayobonakala ayobonakala eyobonakala awayubonakala — engeyubonakala
Class 7 siyobonakala esiyobonakala siyobonakala asiyubonakala — singeyubonakala
Class 8 ziyobonakala eziyobonakala ziyobonakala aziyubonakala — zingeyubonakala
Class 9 iyobonakala eyobonakala iyobonakala ayiyubonakala — ingeyubonakala
Class 10 ziyobonakala eziyobonakala ziyobonakala aziyubonakala — zingeyubonakala
Class 11 luyobonakala oluyobonakala luyobonakala aluyubonakala — lungeyubonakala
Class 14 buyobonakala obuyobonakala buyobonakala abuyubonakala — bungeyubonakala
Class 15 kuyobonakala okuyobonakala kuyobonakala akuyubonakala — kungeyubonakala
Class 17 kuyobonakala okuyobonakala kuyobonakala akuyubonakala — kungeyubonakala
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngibonakale ngingabonakali
2nd singular ubonakale ungabonakali
1st plural sibonakale singabonakali
2nd plural nibonakale ningabonakali
Class 1 abonakale angabonakali
Class 2 babonakale bangabonakali
Class 3 ubonakale ungabonakali
Class 4 ibonakale ingabonakali
Class 5 libonakale lingabonakali
Class 6 abonakale angabonakali
Class 7 sibonakale singabonakali
Class 8 zibonakale zingabonakali
Class 9 ibonakale ingabonakali
Class 10 zibonakale zingabonakali
Class 11 lubonakale lungabonakali
Class 14 bubonakale bungabonakali
Class 15 kubonakale kungabonakali
Class 17 kubonakale kungabonakali
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngabonakala angibonakala
2nd singular wabonakala awubonakala
1st plural sabonakala asibonakala
2nd plural nabonakala anibonakala
Class 1 wabonakala akabonakala
Class 2 babonakala ababonakala
Class 3 wabonakala awubonakala
Class 4 yabonakala ayibonakala
Class 5 labonakala alibonakala
Class 6 abonakala awabonakala
Class 7 sabonakala asibonakala
Class 8 zabonakala azibonakala
Class 9 yabonakala ayibonakala
Class 10 zabonakala azibonakala
Class 11 lwabonakala alubonakala
Class 14 babonakala abubonakala
Class 15 kwabonakala akubonakala
Class 17 kwabonakala akubonakala
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