-ко

See also: ко, к'о, ко-, and Appendix:Variations of "ko"

Russian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *-ьko.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [kə]

Suffix

-ко • (-ko)

  1. Creates diminutives of neuter nouns and adverbs, normally having a colloquial register.
    тихо́нько (tixónʹko, “quiet”) → тихо́нечко (tixónečko, “very quiet”)

Usage notes

  • The suffix is added to the stem of the word (i.e. minus its final vowel, if any). An epenthetic vowel often breaks up stem-final consonant clusters, and velars become palatals according to the Slavic first palatalization (both effects are due to the yer that occurred at the Proto-Slavic level). These effects can be seen in тихо́нечко (tixónečko, “very quiet”), derived from тихо́нько (tixónʹko, “quiet”), itself containing the same diminutive ending. (Specifically, starting from the stem *тихо́ньк-, a vowel is epenthesized, producing тихо́нек-, and the final velar is palatalized, producing тихо́неч-.) In general, the combination -ко + -ко produces -ечко (-ečko) or -очко (-očko).
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D0%BA%D0%BE'>Russian words suffixed with -ко</a>

Serbo-Croatian

Suffix

-ко (Latin spelling -ko)

  1. Suffix appended to words to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a negative feature.
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