-ильный

Russian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈʲilʲnɨj]

Suffix

-и́льный • (-ílʹnyj)

  1. Used to form adjectives from verbs, especially those in -ить (-itʹ).
    глади́ть (gladítʹ, “to iron”) → глади́льный (gladílʹnyj, “(attributive) ironing”)
    кали́ть (kalítʹ, “to heat, to incandesce”) → кали́льный (kalílʹnyj, “glowing, incandescent”)
    роди́ть (rodítʹ, “to give birth”) → роди́льный (rodílʹnyj, “(attributive) childbirth”)
    холоди́ть (xolodítʹ, “to cool, to make cold”) → холоди́льный (xolodílʹnyj, “(attributive) refrigeration”)
    суши́ть (sušítʹ, “to dry”) → суши́льный (sušílʹnyj, “(attributive) drying”)

Usage notes

Many, perhaps most, adjectives ending in -и́льный are not formed from verbs but rather are formed by adding the extremely common ending -ный (-nyj) to a word ending in -иль (-ilʹ), -ила (-ila) or -ило (-ilo), or to foreign adjectives:

тексти́ль (tekstílʹ, “textiles”) → тексти́льный (tekstílʹnyj, “(attributive) textiles”)
пра́вило (právilo, “rule, regulation”) → пра́вильный (právilʹnyj, “correct; regular”)
черни́ла (černíla, “ink”) → черни́льный (černílʹnyj, “(attributive) ink; inky”)
Latin stabilis (“stable”) or French stable (“stable”) → стаби́льный (stabílʹnyj, “stable”)

Derived terms

► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Russian_words_suffixed_with_-%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9'>Russian words suffixed with -ильный</a>
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