ꜣt

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Noun

AtF3
ra

 f

  1. a particular point in time, moment [since the Middle Kingdom]
  2. a time in general, a while [since the Middle Kingdom]
  3. a small unit of time, around a minute [Greco-Roman Period]

Inflection

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Noun

At
F9

 f

  1. striking power, readiness to strike [since the Pyramid Texts]

Usage notes

While Erman and Grapow note an additional meaning of ꜣt as a ‘head ornament’, Gardiner convincingly argues that this is based on a misinterpretation of passages where it means ‘readiness to strike’. Gardiner also suggests that the ‘moment, time’ sense of ꜣt is not independent, but developed from the ‘readiness to strike’ sense by way of reference to the suddenness or speed of a strike. Allen instead takes the ‘moment’ meaning as primary, rendering the ‘readiness to strike’ sense as ‘moment of rage’.

This word is sometimes used in parallel to pḥtj (“strength”).

Inflection

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Noun

At
N23

 f

  1. Alternative form of jꜣt (“mound”)

Inflection

Alternative forms

Noun

At
F37B

 f

  1. Late Egyptian form of jꜣt (“back, spine”)

Inflection

Alternative forms

Noun

At
R12

 f

  1. Alternative form of jꜣt (“carrying pole”)

Inflection

References

  • Faulkner, Raymond (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 1
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926-1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 1.11–2.5
  • Lesko, Leonard; Lesko, Barbara (2002) A Dictionary of Late Egyptian, volume 1, second edition, Providence: B.C. Scribe Publications, →ISBN, page 1
  • Gardiner, Alan (1948) “The First Two Pages of the Wörterbuch” in The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 34, p. 13–15
  • Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 455
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