ἐλπίζω

See also: ελπίζω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἐλπίς (elpís, “hope”) +‎ -ίζω (-ízō)

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /el.píz.dɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛlˈpi.zo/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /elˈpi.zo/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /elˈpi.zo/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /elˈpi.zo/

Verb

ἐλπίζω • (elpízō)

to hope for, to look for, expect
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 589
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 539
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 4.3.17
- 343 BCE, Demosthenes, On the False Embassy 102
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.143
- 480 BCE – 411 BCE, Antiphon of Rhamnus, First Tetralogy 3.6
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.71
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, For Mantitheus 2
- 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Funeral Oration 21
- 409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 629
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Agesilaus 7.6
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.151
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.53
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1281
- 430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 1051
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 963
- 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1105
1. (of evils) to look for, fear
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 111
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 799
  - 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 70
  - 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 956
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.12
  - 413 BCE, Euripides, Ion 348
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.77
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.53
2. (with present infinitive) to think, deem, suppose, believe
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.30
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.22
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.27
  - 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 76
  - 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 187
  - 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 720
  - 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 573C
  - 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Philon 27
  - 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, First Philippic 7
3. (with dative) to hope in
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.97
  - 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 12:21
  - 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, 2 Kings 18.5
  - 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 5:45
  - New Testament, Epistle to the Romans 15:12
  - New Testament, First Epistle of Peter 3:5

Inflection

Present: ἐλπίζω, ἐλπίζομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλπίζω	ἐλπίζεις	ἐλπίζει	ἐλπίζετον	ἐλπίζετον	ἐλπίζομεν	ἐλπίζετε	ἐλπίζουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐλπίζω	ἐλπίζῃς	ἐλπίζῃ	ἐλπίζητον	ἐλπίζητον	ἐλπίζωμεν	ἐλπίζητε	ἐλπίζωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλπίζοιμῐ	ἐλπίζοις	ἐλπίζοι	ἐλπίζοιτον	ἐλπιζοίτην	ἐλπίζοιμεν	ἐλπίζοιτε	ἐλπίζοιεν
	imperative		ἔλπιζε	ἐλπιζέτω	ἐλπίζετον	ἐλπιζέτων		ἐλπίζετε	ἐλπιζόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐλπίζομαι	ἐλπίζῃ, ἐλπίζει	ἐλπίζεται	ἐλπίζεσθον	ἐλπίζεσθον	ἐλπιζόμεθᾰ	ἐλπίζεσθε	ἐλπίζονται
	subjunctive	ἐλπίζωμαι	ἐλπίζῃ	ἐλπίζηται	ἐλπίζησθον	ἐλπίζησθον	ἐλπιζώμεθᾰ	ἐλπίζησθε	ἐλπίζωνται
	optative	ἐλπιζοίμην	ἐλπίζοιο	ἐλπίζοιτο	ἐλπίζοισθον	ἐλπιζοίσθην	ἐλπιζοίμεθᾰ	ἐλπίζοισθε	ἐλπίζοιντο
	imperative		ἐλπίζου	ἐλπιζέσθω	ἐλπίζεσθον	ἐλπιζέσθων		ἐλπίζεσθε	ἐλπιζέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἐλπίζειν				ἐλπίζεσθαι
participle	m	ἐλπίζων				ἐλπιζόμενος
	f	ἐλπίζουσᾰ				ἐλπιζομένη
	n	ἐλπῖζον				ἐλπιζόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἐλπιέω, ἐλπιέομαι, ἐλπισθήσομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλπιέω	ἐλπιέεις	ἐλπιέει	ἐλπιέετον	ἐλπιέετον	ἐλπιέομεν	ἐλπιέετε	ἐλπιέουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	ἐλπιέοιμῐ	ἐλπιέοις	ἐλπιέοι	ἐλπιέοιτον	ἐλπιεοίτην	ἐλπιέοιμεν	ἐλπιέοιτε	ἐλπιέοιεν
middle	indicative	ἐλπιέομαι	ἐλπιέῃ, ἐλπιέει	ἐλπιέεται	ἐλπιέεσθον	ἐλπιέεσθον	ἐλπιεόμεθᾰ	ἐλπιέεσθε	ἐλπιέονται
middle	optative	ἐλπιεοίμην	ἐλπιέοιο	ἐλπιέοιτο	ἐλπιέοισθον	ἐλπιεοίσθην	ἐλπιεοίμεθᾰ	ἐλπιέοισθε	ἐλπιέοιντο
passive	indicative	ἐλπισθήσομαι	ἐλπισθήσῃ	ἐλπισθήσεται	ἐλπισθήσεσθον	ἐλπισθήσεσθον	ἐλπισθησόμεθᾰ	ἐλπισθήσεσθε	ἐλπισθήσονται
passive	optative	ἐλπισθησοίμην	ἐλπισθήσοιο	ἐλπισθήσοιτο	ἐλπισθήσοισθον	ἐλπισθησοίσθην	ἐλπισθησοίμεθᾰ	ἐλπισθήσοισθε	ἐλπισθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐλπιέειν			ἐλπιέεσθαι		ἐλπισθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ἐλπιέων			ἐλπιεόμενος		ἐλπισθησόμενος
	f	ἐλπιέουσᾰ			ἐλπιεομένη		ἐλπισθησομένη
	n	ἐλπιέον			ἐλπιεόμενον		ἐλπισθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἐλπιῶ, ἐλπιοῦμαι, ἐλπισθήσομαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλπιῶ	ἐλπιεῖς	ἐλπιεῖ	ἐλπιεῖτον	ἐλπιεῖτον	ἐλπιοῦμεν	ἐλπιεῖτε	ἐλπιοῦσῐ(ν)
active	optative	ἐλπιοίην, ἐλπιοῖμῐ	ἐλπιοίης, ἐλπιοῖς	ἐλπιοίη, ἐλπιοῖ	ἐλπιοῖτον, ἐλπιοίητον	ἐλπιοίτην, ἐλπιοιήτην	ἐλπιοῖμεν, ἐλπιοίημεν	ἐλπιοῖτε, ἐλπιοίητε	ἐλπιοῖεν, ἐλπιοίησᾰν
middle	indicative	ἐλπιοῦμαι	ἐλπιῇ	ἐλπιεῖται	ἐλπιεῖσθον	ἐλπιεῖσθον	ἐλπιούμεθᾰ	ἐλπιεῖσθε	ἐλπιοῦνται
middle	optative	ἐλπιοίμην	ἐλπιοῖο	ἐλπιοῖτο	ἐλπιοῖσθον	ἐλπιοίσθην	ἐλπιοίμεθᾰ	ἐλπιοῖσθε	ἐλπιοῖντο
passive	indicative	ἐλπισθήσομαι	ἐλπισθήσῃ	ἐλπισθήσεται	ἐλπισθήσεσθον	ἐλπισθήσεσθον	ἐλπισθησόμεθᾰ	ἐλπισθήσεσθε	ἐλπισθήσονται
passive	optative	ἐλπισθησοίμην	ἐλπισθήσοιο	ἐλπισθήσοιτο	ἐλπισθήσοισθον	ἐλπισθησοίσθην	ἐλπισθησοίμεθᾰ	ἐλπισθήσοισθε	ἐλπισθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐλπιεῖν			ἐλπιεῖσθαι		ἐλπισθήσεσθαι
participle	m	ἐλπιῶν			ἐλπιούμενος		ἐλπισθησόμενος
	f	ἐλπιοῦσᾰ			ἐλπιουμένη		ἐλπισθησομένη
	n	ἐλπιοῦν			ἐλπιούμενον		ἐλπισθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: ἤλπισᾰ, ἠλπισᾰ́μην, ἠλπίσθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤλπισᾰ	ἤλπισᾰς	ἤλπισε(ν)	ἠλπίσᾰτον	ἠλπισᾰ́την	ἠλπίσᾰμεν	ἠλπίσᾰτε	ἤλπισᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐλπίσω	ἐλπίσῃς	ἐλπίσῃ	ἐλπίσητον	ἐλπίσητον	ἐλπίσωμεν	ἐλπίσητε	ἐλπίσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλπίσαιμῐ	ἐλπίσειᾰς, ἐλπίσαις	ἐλπίσειε(ν), ἐλπίσαι	ἐλπίσαιτον	ἐλπισαίτην	ἐλπίσαιμεν	ἐλπίσαιτε	ἐλπίσειᾰν, ἐλπίσαιεν
	imperative		ἔλπισον	ἐλπισᾰ́τω	ἐλπίσᾰτον	ἐλπισᾰ́των		ἐλπίσᾰτε	ἐλπισᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἠλπισᾰ́μην	ἠλπίσω	ἠλπίσᾰτο	ἠλπίσᾰσθον	ἠλπισᾰ́σθην	ἠλπισᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἠλπίσᾰσθε	ἠλπίσᾰντο
	subjunctive	ἐλπίσωμαι	ἐλπίσῃ	ἐλπίσηται	ἐλπίσησθον	ἐλπίσησθον	ἐλπισώμεθᾰ	ἐλπίσησθε	ἐλπίσωνται
	optative	ἐλπισαίμην	ἐλπίσαιο	ἐλπίσαιτο	ἐλπίσαισθον	ἐλπισαίσθην	ἐλπισαίμεθᾰ	ἐλπίσαισθε	ἐλπίσαιντο
	imperative		ἔλπισαι	ἐλπισᾰ́σθω	ἐλπίσᾰσθον	ἐλπισᾰ́σθων		ἐλπίσᾰσθε	ἐλπισᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἠλπίσθην	ἠλπίσθης	ἠλπίσθη	ἠλπίσθητον	ἠλπισθήτην	ἠλπίσθημεν	ἠλπίσθητε	ἠλπίσθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ἐλπισθῶ	ἐλπισθῇς	ἐλπισθῇ	ἐλπισθῆτον	ἐλπισθῆτον	ἐλπισθῶμεν	ἐλπισθῆτε	ἐλπισθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλπισθείην	ἐλπισθείης	ἐλπισθείη	ἐλπισθεῖτον, ἐλπισθείητον	ἐλπισθείτην, ἐλπισθειήτην	ἐλπισθεῖμεν, ἐλπισθείημεν	ἐλπισθεῖτε, ἐλπισθείητε	ἐλπισθεῖεν, ἐλπισθείησᾰν
	imperative		ἐλπίσθητῐ	ἐλπισθήτω	ἐλπίσθητον	ἐλπισθήτων		ἐλπίσθητε	ἐλπισθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		ἐλπῖσαι			ἐλπίσᾰσθαι		ἐλπισθῆναι
participle	m	ἐλπίσᾱς			ἐλπισᾰ́μενος		ἐλπισθείς
	f	ἐλπίσᾱσᾰ			ἐλπισᾰμένη		ἐλπισθεῖσᾰ
	n	ἐλπῖσᾰν			ἐλπισᾰ́μενον		ἐλπισθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Perfect: ἤλπικᾰ, ἤλπισμαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤλπικᾰ	ἤλπικᾰς	ἤλπικε(ν)	ἠλπίκᾰτον	ἠλπίκᾰτον	ἠλπίκᾰμεν	ἠλπίκᾰτε	ἠλπίκᾱσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἠλπίκω	ἠλπίκῃς	ἠλπίκῃ	ἠλπίκητον	ἠλπίκητον	ἠλπίκωμεν	ἠλπίκητε	ἠλπίκωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἠλπίκοιμῐ, ἠλπικοίην	ἠλπίκοις, ἠλπικοίης	ἠλπίκοι, ἠλπικοίη	ἠλπίκοιτον	ἠλπικοίτην	ἠλπίκοιμεν	ἠλπίκοιτε	ἠλπίκοιεν
	imperative		ἤλπικε	ἠλπικέτω	ἠλπίκετον	ἠλπικέτων		ἠλπίκετε	ἠλπικόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἤλπισμαι	ἤλπισαι	ἤλπισται	ἤλπισθον	ἤλπισθον	ἠλπίσμεθᾰ	ἤλπισθε	ἠλπίσᾰται
	subjunctive	ἠλπισμένος ὦ	ἠλπισμένος ᾖς	ἠλπισμένος ᾖ	ἠλπισμένω ἦτον	ἠλπισμένω ἦτον	ἠλπισμένοι ὦμεν	ἠλπισμένοι ἦτε	ἠλπισμένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἠλπισμένος εἴην	ἠλπισμένος εἴης	ἠλπισμένος εἴη	ἠλπισμένοι εἴητον/εἶτον	ἠλπισμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην	ἠλπισμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν	ἠλπισμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε	ἠλπισμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
	imperative		ἤλπισο	ἠλπίσθω	ἤλπισθον	ἠλπίσθων		ἤλπισθε	ἠλπίσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἠλπικέναι				ἠλπῖσθαι
participle	m	ἠλπικώς				ἠλπισμένος
	f	ἠλπικυῖᾰ				ἠλπισμένη
	n	ἠλπικός				ἠλπισμένον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

ἐλπίζω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἐλπίζω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἐλπίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἐλπίζω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2018)
G1679 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979

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