ἀποκρίνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From ἀπό (apó, “from, away from”) + κρίνω (krínō, “to separate, distinguish, judge”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.po.krǐː.nɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.poˈkri.no/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈkri.no/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.poˈkri.no/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.poˈkri.no/

Verb

ἀποκρῑ́νω • (apokrī́nō)

to separate, set apart
- Pherecrates, Deserters 1
- Claudius Aelianus, Various History 12.8
- Plato, The Statesman 302C
- Homer, Iliad 5.12
- Archilochus, Collected Works 82
- Herodotus, Histories 1.60
- Herodotus, Histories 2.36
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.3
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.72
- Hippocrates, Prognostics 45
- Aristotle, History of Animals 6.3.3
- Hippocrates, On Ancient Medicine 13
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.49
1. to distinguish
  - Herodotus, Histories 1.194
  - Plato, The Republic 407C
to choose
- Herodotus, Histories 6.130, (compare Plato, Laws 946A)
- Sophocles, Oedipus the King 640
to reject on inquiry
- Plato, Laws 751D
- Plato, Laws 936A
- Aristotle, Politics 5.12.2
- Plato, Laws 966D
(in middle voice) to give answer, reply
- Euripides, The Bacchae 1272
- Euripides, Iphigenia in Aulis 1354
- Aristophanes, The Clouds 1245
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 5.42
- Plato, Hippias Major 287A
- Aristophanes, The Wasps 964
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.90
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.61, (compare Plato, Crito 49A)
- Aristophanes, Plutus 17
- Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.71
- Plato, Laws 658C
- Plato, Gorgias 453D, (compare Plato, Meno ,
  Plato, Euthydemus
  )
1. to answer charges, defend oneself
  - Aristophanes, The Acharnians 632
  - Antiphon of Rhamnus, Collected Works 143.30, (compare 119.32)
2. to meet events, circumstances
  - Arrian, Discourses of Epictetus 2.16.2
3. (passive) to be given as an answer (+ dative of agent)
  - 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 187B
    κινδυνεύει δὲ ἡ ἀληθὴς δόξα ἐπιστήμη εἶναι, καί μοι τοῦτο ἀποκεκρίσθω.
    kinduneúei dè hē alēthḕs dóxa epistḗmē eînai, kaí moi toûto apokekrísthō.
    But I venture to assert that knowledge is true opinion, and let that be my answer.

Inflection

Present: ἀποκρῑ́νω, ἀποκρῑ́νομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀποκρῑ́νω	ἀποκρῑ́νεις	ἀποκρῑ́νει	ἀποκρῑ́νετον	ἀποκρῑ́νετον	ἀποκρῑ́νομεν	ἀποκρῑ́νετε	ἀποκρῑ́νουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἀποκρῑ́νω	ἀποκρῑ́νῃς	ἀποκρῑ́νῃ	ἀποκρῑ́νητον	ἀποκρῑ́νητον	ἀποκρῑ́νωμεν	ἀποκρῑ́νητε	ἀποκρῑ́νωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀποκρῑ́νοιμῐ	ἀποκρῑ́νοις	ἀποκρῑ́νοι	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτον	ἀποκρῑνοίτην	ἀποκρῑ́νοιμεν	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτε	ἀποκρῑ́νοιεν
	imperative		ἀπόκρῑνε	ἀποκρῑνέτω	ἀποκρῑ́νετον	ἀποκρῑνέτων		ἀποκρῑ́νετε	ἀποκρῑνόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἀποκρῑ́νομαι	ἀποκρῑ́νῃ, ἀποκρῑ́νει	ἀποκρῑ́νεται	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθον	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθον	ἀποκρῑνόμεθᾰ	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθε	ἀποκρῑ́νονται
	subjunctive	ἀποκρῑ́νωμαι	ἀποκρῑ́νῃ	ἀποκρῑ́νηται	ἀποκρῑ́νησθον	ἀποκρῑ́νησθον	ἀποκρῑνώμεθᾰ	ἀποκρῑ́νησθε	ἀποκρῑ́νωνται
	optative	ἀποκρῑνοίμην	ἀποκρῑ́νοιο	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτο	ἀποκρῑ́νοισθον	ἀποκρῑνοίσθην	ἀποκρῑνοίμεθᾰ	ἀποκρῑ́νοισθε	ἀποκρῑ́νοιντο
	imperative		ἀποκρῑ́νου	ἀποκρῑνέσθω	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθον	ἀποκρῑνέσθων		ἀποκρῑ́νεσθε	ἀποκρῑνέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἀποκρῑ́νειν				ἀποκρῑ́νεσθαι
participle	m	ἀποκρῑ́νων				ἀποκρῑνόμενος
	f	ἀποκρῑ́νουσᾰ				ἀποκρῑνομένη
	n	ἀποκρῖνον				ἀποκρῑνόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: ἀποκρῑ́νω, ἀποκρῑ́νομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀποκρῑ́νω	ἀποκρῑ́νεις	ἀποκρῑ́νει	ἀποκρῑ́νετον	ἀποκρῑ́νετον	ἀποκρῑ́νομεν	ἀποκρῑ́νετε	ἀποκρῑ́νουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	ἀποκρῑ́νοιμῐ	ἀποκρῑ́νοις	ἀποκρῑ́νοι	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτον	ἀποκρῑνοίτην	ἀποκρῑ́νοιμεν	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτε	ἀποκρῑ́νοιεν
middle	indicative	ἀποκρῑ́νομαι	ἀποκρῑ́νῃ, ἀποκρῑ́νει	ἀποκρῑ́νεται	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθον	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθον	ἀποκρῑνόμεθᾰ	ἀποκρῑ́νεσθε	ἀποκρῑ́νονται
middle	optative	ἀποκρῑνοίμην	ἀποκρῑ́νοιο	ἀποκρῑ́νοιτο	ἀποκρῑ́νοισθον	ἀποκρῑνοίσθην	ἀποκρῑνοίμεθᾰ	ἀποκρῑ́νοισθε	ἀποκρῑ́νοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		ἀποκρῑ́νειν			ἀποκρῑ́νεσθαι
participle	m	ἀποκρῑ́νων			ἀποκρῑνόμενος
	f	ἀποκρῑ́νουσᾰ			ἀποκρῑνομένη
	n	ἀποκρῖνον			ἀποκρῑνόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

ἀποκρίνω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἀποκρίνω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἀποκρίνω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἀποκρίνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
ἀποκρίνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἀποκρίνω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2018)

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