صام

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ص و م (ṣ-w-m). Compare Hebrew צָם (ṣām) and Ge'ez ጾመ (ṣomä, to fast). Nöldeke was convinced that the meaning “to fast” is a semantic loan from Aramaic צום /‎ ܨܳܡ (ṣām, to fast), referring to the meaning “to stand still”, Jeffery says that the Arabic verb is “obviously denominative from صَوْم (ṣawm)” and notes that the term is only used in late Qurʾānic passages.

Verb

صَامَ (ṣāma) I, non-past يَصُومُ‎ (yaṣūmu)

  1. (obsolete) to stand still, to become calm
  2. to fast (to abstain, usually from food and drink)

Conjugation

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833), صام”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 534
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 201–202
  • Lane, Edward William (1863), صام”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
  • Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft, Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 36
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