أصفر
Arabic
Etymology 1
Color or defect adjective from the root ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
Adjective
أَصْفَر • (ʾaṣfar) (feminine صَفْرَاء (ṣafrāʾ), common plural صُفْر (ṣufr))
- yellow (“having yellow as its color”)
Declension
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular diptote | basic singular diptote | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَصْفَر ʾaṣfar |
الْأَصْفَر al-ʾaṣfar |
صَفْرَاء ṣafrāʾ |
الصَّفْرَاء aṣ-ṣafrāʾ |
| Nominative | أَصْفَرُ ʾaṣfaru |
الْأَصْفَرُ al-ʾaṣfaru |
صَفْرَاءُ ṣafrāʾu |
الصَّفْرَاءُ aṣ-ṣafrāʾu |
| Accusative | أَصْفَرَ ʾaṣfara |
الْأَصْفَرَ al-ʾaṣfara |
صَفْرَاءَ ṣafrāʾa |
الصَّفْرَاءَ aṣ-ṣafrāʾa |
| Genitive | أَصْفَرَ ʾaṣfara |
الْأَصْفَرِ al-ʾaṣfari |
صَفْرَاءَ ṣafrāʾa |
الصَّفْرَاءِ aṣ-ṣafrāʾi |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَصْفَرَيْن ʾaṣfarayn |
الْأَصْفَرَيْن al-ʾaṣfarayn |
صَفْرَاوَيْن ṣafrāwayn |
الصَّفْرَاوَيْن aṣ-ṣafrāwayn |
| Nominative | أَصْفَرَانِ ʾaṣfarāni |
الْأَصْفَرَانِ al-ʾaṣfarāni |
صَفْرَاوَانِ ṣafrāwāni |
الصَّفْرَاوَانِ aṣ-ṣafrāwāni |
| Accusative | أَصْفَرَيْنِ ʾaṣfarayni |
الْأَصْفَرَيْنِ al-ʾaṣfarayni |
صَفْرَاوَيْنِ ṣafrāwayni |
الصَّفْرَاوَيْنِ aṣ-ṣafrāwayni |
| Genitive | أَصْفَرَيْنِ ʾaṣfarayni |
الْأَصْفَرَيْنِ al-ʾaṣfarayni |
صَفْرَاوَيْنِ ṣafrāwayni |
الصَّفْرَاوَيْنِ aṣ-ṣafrāwayni |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| basic broken plural triptote | basic broken plural triptote | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | صُفْر ṣufr |
الصُّفْر aṣ-ṣufr |
صُفْر ṣufr |
الصُّفْر aṣ-ṣufr |
| Nominative | صُفْرٌ ṣufrun |
الصُّفْرُ aṣ-ṣufru |
صُفْرٌ ṣufrun |
الصُّفْرُ aṣ-ṣufru |
| Accusative | صُفْرًا ṣufran |
الصُّفْرَ aṣ-ṣufra |
صُفْرًا ṣufran |
الصُّفْرَ aṣ-ṣufra |
| Genitive | صُفْرٍ ṣufrin |
الصُّفْرِ aṣ-ṣufri |
صُفْرٍ ṣufrin |
الصُّفْرِ aṣ-ṣufri |
Etymology 2
Verb
أَصْفَرَ • (ʾaṣfara) IV, non-past يُصْفِرُ (yuṣfiru)
Conjugation
| verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
ʾiṣfār | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُصْفِر muṣfir | |||||||||||
| passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُصْفَر muṣfar | |||||||||||
| active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾaṣfartu |
ʾaṣfarta |
أَصْفَرَ ʾaṣfara |
أَصْفَرْتُمَا ʾaṣfartumā |
أَصْفَرَا ʾaṣfarā |
ʾaṣfarnā |
ʾaṣfartum |
ʾaṣfarū | |||
| f | ʾaṣfarti |
ʾaṣfarat |
أَصْفَرَتَا ʾaṣfaratā |
ʾaṣfartunna |
ʾaṣfarna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُصْفِرُ ʾuṣfiru |
tuṣfiru |
yuṣfiru |
تُصْفِرَانِ tuṣfirāni |
يُصْفِرَانِ yuṣfirāni |
nuṣfiru |
tuṣfirūna |
yuṣfirūna | |||
| f | tuṣfirīna |
tuṣfiru |
تُصْفِرَانِ tuṣfirāni |
tuṣfirna |
yuṣfirna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُصْفِرَ ʾuṣfira |
tuṣfira |
yuṣfira |
تُصْفِرَا tuṣfirā |
يُصْفِرَا yuṣfirā |
nuṣfira |
تُصْفِرُوا tuṣfirū |
يُصْفِرُوا yuṣfirū | |||
| f | tuṣfirī |
tuṣfira |
تُصْفِرَا tuṣfirā |
tuṣfirna |
yuṣfirna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُصْفِرْ ʾuṣfir |
tuṣfir |
yuṣfir |
تُصْفِرَا tuṣfirā |
يُصْفِرَا yuṣfirā |
nuṣfir |
تُصْفِرُوا tuṣfirū |
يُصْفِرُوا yuṣfirū | |||
| f | tuṣfirī |
tuṣfir |
تُصْفِرَا tuṣfirā |
tuṣfirna |
yuṣfirna | |||||||
| imperative الْأَمْر |
m | أَصْفِرْ ʾaṣfir |
أَصْفِرَا ʾaṣfirā |
ʾaṣfirū |
||||||||
| f | ʾaṣfirī |
ʾaṣfirna | ||||||||||
| passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
| singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
| 1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
| past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾuṣfirtu |
ʾuṣfirta |
أُصْفِرَ ʾuṣfira |
أُصْفِرْتُمَا ʾuṣfirtumā |
أُصْفِرَا ʾuṣfirā |
ʾuṣfirnā |
ʾuṣfirtum |
ʾuṣfirū | |||
| f | ʾuṣfirti |
ʾuṣfirat |
أُصْفِرَتَا ʾuṣfiratā |
ʾuṣfirtunna |
ʾuṣfirna | |||||||
| non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُصْفَرُ ʾuṣfaru |
tuṣfaru |
yuṣfaru |
تُصْفَرَانِ tuṣfarāni |
يُصْفَرَانِ yuṣfarāni |
nuṣfaru |
tuṣfarūna |
yuṣfarūna | |||
| f | tuṣfarīna |
tuṣfaru |
تُصْفَرَانِ tuṣfarāni |
tuṣfarna |
yuṣfarna | |||||||
| subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُصْفَرَ ʾuṣfara |
tuṣfara |
yuṣfara |
تُصْفَرَا tuṣfarā |
يُصْفَرَا yuṣfarā |
nuṣfara |
تُصْفَرُوا tuṣfarū |
يُصْفَرُوا yuṣfarū | |||
| f | tuṣfarī |
tuṣfara |
تُصْفَرَا tuṣfarā |
tuṣfarna |
yuṣfarna | |||||||
| jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُصْفَرْ ʾuṣfar |
tuṣfar |
yuṣfar |
تُصْفَرَا tuṣfarā |
يُصْفَرَا yuṣfarā |
nuṣfar |
تُصْفَرُوا tuṣfarū |
يُصْفَرُوا yuṣfarū | |||
| f | tuṣfarī |
tuṣfar |
تُصْفَرَا tuṣfarā |
tuṣfarna |
yuṣfarna | |||||||
Etymology 3
Elative of صَفْر (ṣafr, “empty, void”) and صِفْر (ṣifr, “(same)”) and صُفْر (ṣufr, “(same)”) and صَفِر (ṣafir, “(same)”) and صُفُر (ṣufur, “(same)”), from the root ص ف ر (ṣ-f-r).
Adjective
أَصْفَر • (ʾaṣfar)
- elative degree of صَفْر (ṣafr), elative degree of صِفْر (ṣifr), elative degree of صُفْر (ṣufr), elative degree of صَفِر (ṣafir), elative degree of صُفُر (ṣufur):
Declension
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| basic singular diptote | singular unknown | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَصْفَر ʾaṣfar |
الْأَصْفَر al-ʾaṣfar |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | أَصْفَرُ ʾaṣfaru |
الْأَصْفَرُ al-ʾaṣfaru |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | أَصْفَرَ ʾaṣfara |
الْأَصْفَرَ al-ʾaṣfara |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | أَصْفَرَ ʾaṣfara |
الْأَصْفَرِ al-ʾaṣfari |
? ? |
? ? |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | أَصْفَرَيْن ʾaṣfarayn |
الْأَصْفَرَيْن al-ʾaṣfarayn |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | أَصْفَرَانِ ʾaṣfarāni |
الْأَصْفَرَانِ al-ʾaṣfarāni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | أَصْفَرَيْنِ ʾaṣfarayni |
الْأَصْفَرَيْنِ al-ʾaṣfarayni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | أَصْفَرَيْنِ ʾaṣfarayni |
الْأَصْفَرَيْنِ al-ʾaṣfarayni |
? ? |
? ? |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
| plural unknown | plural unknown | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
| Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
References
- Lane, Edward William (1863), “صفر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate
Etymology 4
Verb
أَصْفَرُ • (ʾaṣfaru) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of صَفِرَ (ṣafira)
Verb
أَصْفَرَ • (ʾaṣfara) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of صَفِرَ (ṣafira)
Verb
أَصْفَرْ • (ʾaṣfar) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of صَفِرَ (ṣafira)
Verb
أَصْفِرُ • (ʾaṣfiru) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of صَفَرَ (ṣafara)
Verb
أَصْفِرَ • (ʾaṣfira) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of صَفَرَ (ṣafara)
Verb
أَصْفِرْ • (ʾaṣfir) (form I)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of صَفَرَ (ṣafara)
Etymology 5
Verb
أُصَفِّرُ • (ʾuṣaffiru) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Verb
أُصَفِّرَ • (ʾuṣaffira) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active subjunctive of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Verb
أُصَفِّرْ • (ʾuṣaffir) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Verb
أُصَفَّرُ • (ʾuṣaffaru) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive indicative of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Verb
أُصَفَّرَ • (ʾuṣaffara) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive subjunctive of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Verb
أُصَفَّرْ • (ʾuṣaffar) (form II)
- first-person singular non-past passive jussive of صَفَّرَ (ṣaffara)
Etymology 6
Verb
أَصْفَرُّ • (ʾaṣfarru) (form IX)
- first-person singular non-past active indicative of اِصْفَرَّ (iṣfarra)
Verb
أَصْفَرَّ • (ʾaṣfarra) (form IX)
Verb
أَصْفَرِّ • (ʾaṣfarri) (form IX)
- first-person singular non-past active jussive of اِصْفَرَّ (iṣfarra)