из-

Alternative forms

• изо- (izo-) (before certain consonant clusters)
• ис- (is-) (before voiceless consonants)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-; see *jьz for further information.

Pronunciation

• из-: IPA^(key): [ɪz]
• и́з-: IPA^(key): [ˈiz] (when stressed)

Prefix

из- • (iz-)

1. out from

   идти́ (idtí, “to go”) → изойти́ (izojtí, “to emanate, to originate, to come from”)

2. When added to a verb, it may form a verb with a sense of completeness, abundance or exhaustion.

   укра́сить (ukrásitʹ, “to decorate”) → изукра́сить (izukrásitʹ, “lavishly decorate”)

3. When added to a verb, it may form a verb with a sense of destruction, ruined due to use.

   писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) → исписа́ть (ispisátʹ, “write upon, cover with notes, write over”)

4. When added to nouns, especially when they have the suffix -ье, it indicates location of an object.

   голова́ (golová, “head”) → изголо́вье (izgolóvʹje, “head of the bed”)

5. When added to adjectives for colours, an adverb is formed indicating nuance.

   жёлтый (žóltyj, “yellow”) → и́зжелта-бу́рый (ízželta-búryj, “yellowish-brown”)

6. When added to adjectives, it may form an adverb indicating spatial or temporal properties. Usually in archaic or highly formal style.

   да́льний (dálʹnij, “far, distant”) → и́здали (ízdali, “from afar”)

7. When added to adverbs, it can form an adverb with a sense of direction for an action.

   вну́тренний (vnútrennij, “interior, inner”) → изнутри́ (iznutrí, “from within, from inside”)

Prefix

из- (Latin spelling iz-)

1. out-
2. out of
3. out from