ϩⲟⲟⲩ

Coptic

Etymology 1

Egyptian day

From Demotic hrw (“day”), from Egyptian

(hrw, “day”).

Noun

ϩⲟⲟⲩ (hoou) m

(Sahidic, Fayyumic) day

Alternative forms

ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ (ehoou) – Bohairic

Etymology 2

From Demotic ḥw (“be putrid, bad”), from Egyptian

(ḥwꜣ, “to be putrid”).

Verb

ϩⲟⲟⲩ (hoou)

(Sahidic) to be evil

Conjugation

Conjugation of ϩⲟⲟⲩ (Sahidic dialect)(See Appendix:Coptic verbs)

		singular					plural			Nominative
infinitive		ⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ehoou	negative infinitive	ⲉⲧⲙϩⲟⲟⲩ etmhoou
imperative		ϩⲟⲟⲩ hoou	negative imperative	ⲙⲡⲣϩⲟⲟⲩ mprhoou
		1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
		1st person	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
Durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
present	-	ϯϩⲟⲟⲩ tihoou	ⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ khoou	ⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ tehoou	ϥϩⲟⲟⲩ fhoou	ⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ shoou	ⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ tnhoou	ⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ tetnhoou	ⲥⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ sehoou	ϩⲟⲟⲩ hoou
	focalising	ⲉⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ eihoou	ⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ ekhoou	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ erehoou	ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ efhoou	ⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ eshoou	ⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ enhoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ etetnhoou	ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ euhoou	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ erehoou
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ neihoou	ⲛⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ nekhoou	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nerehoou	ⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ nefhoou	ⲛⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ neshoou	ⲛⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ nenhoou	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ netetnhoou	ⲛⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ neuhoou	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nerehoou
	relative	ⲉϯϩⲟⲟⲩ etihoou	ⲉⲧⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ etkhoou	ⲉⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ etehoou	ⲉⲧϥϩⲟⲟⲩ etfhoou	ⲉⲧⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ etshoou	ⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ etnhoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ etetnhoou	ⲉⲧⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ etshoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ eterehoou
future	-	ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ tinahoou	ⲕⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ knahoou	ⲧⲉⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ tenahoou	ϥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ fnahoou	ⲥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ snahoou	ⲧⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ tnnahoou	ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ tetnahoou	ⲥⲉⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ senahoou
	focalising	ⲉⲓⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ einahoou	ⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ eknahoou	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ erenahoou	ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ efnahoou	ⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ esnahoou	ⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ennahoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ etetnnahoou	ⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ eunahoou	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ erehoou
	preterite	ⲛⲉⲓⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ neinahoou	ⲛⲉⲕⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ neknahoou	ⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ nerenahoou	ⲛⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ nefnahoou	ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ nesnahoou	ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ nennahoou	ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ netetnnahoou	ⲛⲉⲩⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ neunahoou	ⲛⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nerehoou
Non-durative sentences
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
past	affirmative	ⲁⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ aihoou	ⲁⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ akhoou	ⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ arehoou	ⲁϥϩⲟⲟⲩ afhoou	ⲁⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ ashoou	ⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ anhoou	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ atetnhoou	ⲁⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ auhoou	ⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ahoou
	negative	ⲙⲡⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ mpihoou	ⲙⲡⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ mpekhoou	ⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ mpehoou	ⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ mpefhoou	ⲙⲡⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ mpeshoou	ⲙⲡⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ mpnhoou	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ mpetnhoou	ⲙⲡⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ mpouhoou	ⲙⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ mpehoou
	focalising	ⲛⲧⲁⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ ntaihoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ ntakhoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ntarehoou	ⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲟⲟⲩ ntafhoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ ntashoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ntanhoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ntatnhoou	ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ntauhoou	ⲛⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ntahoou
	relative	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ entaihoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ entakhoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ entarehoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲟⲟⲩ entafhoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ entashoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ entanhoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ entatnhoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ entauhoou	ⲉⲛⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ entahoou
not yet		ⲙⲡⲁϯϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatihoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatkhoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatehoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧϥϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatfhoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatshoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatnhoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatetnhoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatouhoou	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ mpatehoou
aorist	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ šaihoou	ϣⲁⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ šakhoou	ϣⲁⲣϩⲟⲟⲩ šarhoou	ϣⲁϥϩⲟⲟⲩ šafhoou	ϣⲁⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ šashoou	ϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ šanhoou	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ šatetnhoou	ϣⲁⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ šauhoou	ϣⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ šarehoou
aorist	negative	ⲙⲉⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ meihoou	ⲙⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ mekhoou	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ merehoou	ⲙⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ mefhoou	ⲙⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ meshoou	ⲙⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ menhoou	ⲙⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ metetnhoou	ⲙⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ meuhoou	ⲙⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ merehoou
optative	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ eiehoou	ⲉⲕⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ekehoou	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ erehoou	ⲉϥⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ efehoou	ⲉⲥⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ esehoou	ⲉⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ enehoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ etetnehoou	ⲉⲩⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ euehoou	ⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ erehoou
optative	negative	ⲛⲛⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ nnahoou	ⲛⲛⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ nnekhoou	ⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nnehoou	ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ nnefhoou	ⲛⲛⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ nneshoou	ⲛⲛⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ nnenhoou	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ nnetnhoou	ⲛⲛⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ nneuhoou	ⲛⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nnehoou
affirmative jussive		ⲙⲁⲣⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ marihoou			ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ marefhoou	ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ mareshoou	ⲙⲁⲣⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ marnhoou		ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ marouhoou	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ marehoou
negative jussive, negative causative		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtrahoou			ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtrefhoou	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtreshoou	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtrenhoou		ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtreuhoou	ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ mprtrehoou
Subordinate clause
		ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟⲕ	ⲛⲧⲟ	ⲛⲧⲟϥ	ⲛⲧⲟⲥ	ⲁⲛⲟⲛ	ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ	ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ
precursive		ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ nterihoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ nterekhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nterehoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ nterefhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ ntereshoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ nterenhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ nteretnhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ nterouhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nterehoou
conditional		ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ eišanhoou	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ekšanhoou	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ eršanhoou	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ efšanhoou	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ esšanhoou	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ enšanhoou	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ etetnšanhoou	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ eušanhoou	ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ eršanhoou
limitative		ϣⲁⲛⲧⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ, ϣⲁⲛⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ šantihoou, šantahoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ šantkhoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ šantehoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧϥϩⲟⲟⲩ šantfhoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ šantshoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ šantnhoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ šantetnhoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ šantouhoou	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ šantehoou
conjunctive		ⲛⲧⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ, ⲛⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ntihoou, ntahoou	ⲛⲧⲅϩⲟⲟⲩ ntghoou	ⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ntehoou	ⲛϥϩⲟⲟⲩ nfhoou	ⲛⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ nshoou	ⲛⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ntnhoou	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ntetnhoou	ⲛⲥⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ nsehoou	ⲛⲧⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ntehoou
future conjunctive		ⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ, ⲧⲁⲣⲓϩⲟⲟⲩ tahoou, tarihoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲕϩⲟⲟⲩ tarekhoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ tarehoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ tarefhoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲥϩⲟⲟⲩ tareshoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ tarnhoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ taretnhoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ tarouhoou	ⲧⲁⲣⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ tarehoou

Alternative forms

ϩⲁⲩ (hau) – Akhmimic, Fayyumic
ϩⲱⲟⲩ (hōou) – Bohairic

References

Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 304
Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 730

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