σαρδάνιος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
It is often cited as deriving from the Sardinian plant (Ranunculus sardous), known as either σαρδάνη (sardánē) or σαρδόνιον (sardónion). When eaten, it would cause the eater's face to contort in a look resembling scorn (generally followed by death). It might also be related to σαίρω (saírō, “to grin”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sar.dá.ni.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /sarˈda.ni.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /sarˈða.ni.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /sarˈða.ni.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /sarˈða.ni.os/
Adjective
σαρδάνῐος • (sardánios) m (feminine σαρδᾰνίᾱ, neuter σαρδάνῐον); first/second declension
Inflection
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
| Nominative | σαρδάνῐος sardánios |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱ sardaníā |
σαρδάνῐον sardánion |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱ sardaníā |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδάνῐοι sardánioi |
σαρδάνῐαι sardániai |
σαρδάνῐᾰ sardánia | |||||
| Genitive | σαρδανῐ́ου sardaníou |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱς sardaníās |
σαρδανῐ́ου sardaníou |
σαρδανῐ́οιν sardaníoin |
σαρδανῐ́αιν sardaníain |
σαρδανῐ́οιν sardaníoin |
σαρδανῐ́ων sardaníōn |
σαρδανῐ́ων sardaníōn |
σαρδανῐ́ων sardaníōn | |||||
| Dative | σαρδανῐ́ῳ sardaníōi |
σαρδανῐ́ᾳ sardaníāi |
σαρδανῐ́ῳ sardaníōi |
σαρδανῐ́οιν sardaníoin |
σαρδανῐ́αιν sardaníain |
σαρδανῐ́οιν sardaníoin |
σαρδανῐ́οις sardaníois |
σαρδανῐ́αις sardaníais |
σαρδανῐ́οις sardaníois | |||||
| Accusative | σαρδάνῐον sardánion |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱν sardaníān |
σαρδάνῐον sardánion |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱ sardaníā |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδανῐ́ους sardaníous |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱς sardaníās |
σαρδάνῐᾰ sardánia | |||||
| Vocative | σαρδάνῐε sardánie |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱ sardaníā |
σαρδάνῐον sardánion |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδανῐ́ᾱ sardaníā |
σαρδανῐ́ω sardaníō |
σαρδάνῐοι sardánioi |
σαρδάνῐαι sardániai |
σαρδάνῐᾰ sardánia | |||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| σαρδανῐ́ως sardaníōs |
σαρδανῐώτερος sardaniṓteros |
σαρδανῐώτᾰτος sardaniṓtatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. | |||||||||||||
Descendants
- σαρδόνιος (sardónios)
Further reading
- σαρδάνιος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- σαρδάνιος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- σαρδάνιος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
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