δῆμος

See also: Δήμος, δημός, and δήμος

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dɛ̂ː.mos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈde.mos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈði.mos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈði.mos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈði.mos/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *deh₂mos (“people”) (perhaps originally a feminine), from *deh₂- (“to divide”), whence also δαίομαι (daíomai). The original meaning was thus "part". Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀅𐀗 (da-mo), Old Irish dám (“followers, crowd”) and Old Welsh dauu.

Alternative forms

δᾶμος (dâmos) – Doric

Noun

δῆμος • (dêmos) m (genitive δήμου); second declension

(Epic, Attic, Ionic, Koine)

district, country, land
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 5.710
  πὰρ δέ οἱ ἄλλοι ναῖον Βοιωτοὶ μάλα πίονα δῆμον ἔχοντες
  pàr dé hoi álloi naîon Boiōtoì mála píona dêmon ékhontes
  and hard by him dwelt other Boeotians having a land exceeding rich
1. the inhabitants of a district or land
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.50
  πατρί τε σῷ μέγα πῆμα πόληΐ τε παντί τε δήμῳ
  patrí te sôi méga pêma pólēḯ te pantí te dḗmōi
  great pain upon your father, your city, and your people
the common people
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.66
  ἑσσούμενος δὲ ὁ Κλεισθένης τὸν δῆμον προσεταιρίζεται
  hessoúmenos dè ho Kleisthénēs tòn dêmon prosetairízetai
  Cleisthenes was getting the worst of it and took the common people into his party.
1. (rare) commoner
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.213
    δῆμον ἐόντα
    dêmon eónta
    being a commoner
free citizens, sovereign people
- 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 1011
  δοκοῦντα καὶ δόξαντ’ ἀπαγγέλλειν με χρὴ δήμου προβούλοις τῆσδε Καδμείας πόλεως:
  dokoûnta kaì dóxant’ apangéllein me khrḕ dḗmou proboúlois têsde Kadmeías póleōs:
  It is my duty to announce the will and decrees of the council on behalf of the people of this our Cadmean city.
1. popular government, democracy
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.82
    πάντων τῷ λόγῳ ἀρίστων ἐόντων, δήμου τε ἀρίστου καὶ ὀλιγαρχίης καὶ μουνάρχου
    pántōn tôi lógōi arístōn eóntōn, dḗmou te arístou kaì oligarkhíēs kaì mounárkhou
    all are at their best for the sake of argument, the best democracy and oligarchy and monarchy
2. popular assembly
  - 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 565b
    ἀναγκάζονται δὴ οἶμαι ἀμύνεσθαι, λέγοντές τε ἐν τῷ δήμῳ καὶ πράττοντες ὅπῃ δύνανται
    anankázontai dḕ oîmai amúnesthai, légontés te en tôi dḗmōi kaì práttontes hópēi dúnantai
    [they] are compelled to defend themselves by speeches in the assembly and any action in their power
township, commune; deme
- 64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 9.1.16
  Ἐλευσῖνά τε εἰπὼν ἕνα τῶν ἑκατὸν ἑβδομήκοντα δήμων
  Eleusîná te eipṑn héna tôn hekatòn hebdomḗkonta dḗmōn
  after speaking of Eleusis, one of the hundred and seventy demes
name for a prostitute
- 680 BCE – 645 BCE, Archilochus, Collected Works 184
faction in a circus

Declension

Second declension of ὁ δῆμος; τοῦ δήμου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ δῆμος ho dêmos	τὼ δήμω tṑ dḗmō	οἱ δῆμοι hoi dêmoi
Genitive	τοῦ δήμου toû dḗmou	τοῖν δήμοιν toîn dḗmoin	τῶν δήμων tôn dḗmōn
Dative	τῷ δήμῳ tôi dḗmōi	τοῖν δήμοιν toîn dḗmoin	τοῖς δήμοις toîs dḗmois
Accusative	τὸν δῆμον tòn dêmon	τὼ δήμω tṑ dḗmō	τοὺς δήμους toùs dḗmous
Vocative	δῆμε dême	δήμω dḗmō	δῆμοι dêmoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

κᾰτᾰνάγκη (katanánkē)

Derived terms

Terms derived from δῆμος (dêmos)

ᾰ̓́δημος (ádēmos)
Αἰνησίδημος (Ainēsídēmos)
ἀλλόδημος (allódēmos)
ᾰ̓πόδημος (apódēmos)
Ἀριστόδημος (Aristódēmos)
Ἀρχέδημος (Arkhédēmos)
αὐξῐ́δημος (auxídēmos)
δημᾰγωγός (dēmagōgós)
δημᾰ́ρᾱτος (dēmárātos)
Δημᾰ́ρᾱτος (Dēmárātos)
δήμαρχος (dḗmarkhos)
δημεραστής (dēmerastḗs)
δημεύω (dēmeúō)
δημεχθής (dēmekhthḗs)
δημήγορος (dēmḗgoros)
δημηλᾰσῐ́ᾱ (dēmēlasíā)
δημοβόρος (dēmobóros)
δημογέρων (dēmogérōn)
δημοεγερτής (dēmoegertḗs)
δημοειδής (dēmoeidḗs)
δημοθεές (dēmotheés)
δημοθοινέω (dēmothoinéō)
δημόθροος (dēmóthroos)
Δημοκήδης (Dēmokḗdēs)
δημοκηδής (dēmokēdḗs)
Δημοκλείδης (Dēmokleídēs)

δημοκλῑ́ναρχος (dēmoklī́narkhos)
δημόκοινος (dēmókoinos)
δημοκόλαξ (dēmokólax)
δημοκοπέω (dēmokopéō)
δημόκραντος (dēmókrantos)
δημοκρᾰτέομαι (dēmokratéomai)
Δημόκριτος (Dēmókritos)
δημολᾰ́λητος (dēmolálētos)
δημόλευστος (dēmóleustos)
δημολογέω (dēmologéō)
δημοπῐ́θηκος (dēmopíthēkos)
δημοποίητος (dēmopoíētos)
δημόπρακτος (dēmópraktos)
δημοπρᾱ́της (dēmoprā́tēs)
δημορρῐφής (dēmorrhiphḗs)
Δημοσθένης (Dēmosthénēs)
δημόσσοος (dēmóssoos)
δημοσσόος (dēmossóos)
δημοστροφέω (dēmostrophéō)
δημοσώστης (dēmosṓstēs)
δημοτελής (dēmotelḗs)
δημοτερπής (dēmoterpḗs)
δημοῦχος (dēmoûkhos)
δημοφᾰ́γος (dēmophágos)
δημοφᾰνής (dēmophanḗs)
Δημοφᾰ́νης (Dēmophánēs)

δημόφαντος (dēmóphantos)
δημοφθόρος (dēmophthóros)
δημοφῐλής (dēmophilḗs)
Δημοφῶν (Dēmophôn)
δημοχᾰρής (dēmokharḗs)
δημωφελής (dēmōphelḗs)
ἔκδημος (ékdēmos)
ἔνδημος (éndēmos)
ἐπῐ́δημος (epídēmos)
Εὔδημος (Eúdēmos)
Εὐθύδημος (Euthúdēmos)
ἐχεδημῐ́ᾱ (ekhedēmíā)
Κλείδημος (Kleídēmos)
κοινόδημος (koinódēmos)
κρουσῐδημέω (krousidēméō)
Μενέδημος (Menédēmos)
μῑσόδημος (mīsódēmos)
Νῑκόδημος (Nīkódēmos)
ὁμόδημος (homódēmos)
πάνδημος (pándēmos)
πολῠ́δημος (polúdēmos)
Τῑμόδημος (Tīmódēmos)
Φῐλόδημος (Philódēmos)
φῐλόδημος (philódēmos)
Χαρίδημος (Kharídēmos)

Related terms

δημῐ́δῐον (dēmídion)
δημίζω (dēmízō)
δήμῐος (dḗmios)
δημόθεν (dēmóthen)
δημόομαι (dēmóomai)

δημόσῐος (dēmósios)
δημότερος (dēmóteros)
δημοτεύομαι (dēmoteúomai)
δημότης (dēmótēs)

δημοικός (dēmoikós)
δημώδης (dēmṓdēs)
δημώλης (dēmṓlēs)
δήμωμᾰ (dḗmōma)

Descendants

English: deme
Greek: δήμος (dímos)
Latin: dēmos

References

δῆμος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
δῆμος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
δῆμος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2018)
δῆμος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Demus idem, page 1008.
- canton idem, page 111.
- common idem, page 148.
- commons idem, page 149.
- county idem, page 178.
- district idem, page 242.
- parish idem, page 593.
- people idem, page 604.
- plebeian idem, page 620.
- populace idem, page 626.
- proletariat idem, page 653.
- shire idem, page 766.
δῆμος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
G1218 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 325

Etymology 2

Noun

δῆμος • (dêmos) m (genitive δήμου); second declension

yellow serradella, Ornithopus compressus

Declension

Second declension of ὁ δῆμος; τοῦ δήμου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ δῆμος ho dêmos	τὼ δήμω tṑ dḗmō	οἱ δῆμοι hoi dêmoi
Genitive	τοῦ δήμου toû dḗmou	τοῖν δήμοιν toîn dḗmoin	τῶν δήμων tôn dḗmōn
Dative	τῷ δήμῳ tôi dḗmōi	τοῖν δήμοιν toîn dḗmoin	τοῖς δήμοις toîs dḗmois
Accusative	τὸν δῆμον tòn dêmon	τὼ δήμω tṑ dḗmō	τοὺς δήμους toùs dḗmous
Vocative	δῆμε dême	δήμω dḗmō	δῆμοι dêmoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

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