šꜥd

Egyptian

3-lit.

Conjugation of šꜥd (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: šꜥd, geminated stem: šꜥdd

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
šꜥd	šꜥdw, šꜥd	šꜥdt	šꜥd	šꜥd

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
šꜥd	ḥr šꜥd	m šꜥd	r šꜥd

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	šꜥd.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	šꜥd	active + .tj¹, .tw²	šꜥd	šꜥd, šꜥdw⁵, šꜥdy⁵
imperfective	šꜥd, šꜥdy, šꜥdw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	šꜥd, šꜥdj⁶, šꜥdy⁶	šꜥd, šꜥdw⁵
prospective	šꜥd, šꜥdtj⁷	—	šꜥdtj⁴, šꜥdt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of šꜥd

šꜥd

Allen, James (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, revised second edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 215, 297

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