consul, they will cause due examination in the premises, and take proper steps to compel satisfaction. And if citizens of the United States be indebted to subjects of China, the latter may seek redress by representation through the consul, or by suit in the consular court; but neither govern- · ment will hold itself responsible for such debts. ARTICLE XXV. It shall be lawful `for the officers or citizens of the $°h°l°·*`¤ mi? United States to employ scholars and people of any part of China, with- £g0iTP1°,2’:g£2g out distinction of persons, to teach any of the languages of the empire, in Chixiit. and to assist in literary labors ; and the persons so employed shall not for that cause be subject to any injury on the part either of the government or of individuals; and it shall in like manner be lawful for citizens of the United States to purchase all manner of books in China. Ancrrcuz XXVI. Relations of peace and amity between the United DMG withtiw States and China being established by this treaty, and the vessels of the g°,Q;°g,§§:;;Q’L°t United States being admitted to trade freely to and from the ports of war between y China open to foreign commerce, it is further agreed that, in case at any 0****** '·¤d °’*h°' time hereafter China should be at war with any foreign nation whatever, P°w°m' and should for that cause exclude such nation from entering her ports, still the vessels of the United States shall not the less continue to pursue their commerce in freedom and security, and to transport goods to and from the ports of the belligerent powers, full respect being paid to the neutrality of the flag of the United States: provided, that the said flag shall not protect vessels engaged in the transportation of officers or soldiers in the enemy’s service, nor shall said flag be fraudulently used to enable the enemy’s ships, with their cargoes, to enter the ports of China; but all such vessels so ofending shall be subject to forfeiture and confiscation to the Chinese government. ARTICLE XXVII. All questions in regard to rights, whether of prop- Jurisdiction; of erty or person, arising between citizens of the United States in China, §g‘f“°““chm°• shall be subject to the jurisdiction and regulated by the authorities of their own government; and all controversies occurring in China between citizens of the United States and the subjects of any other government shall be regulated by the treaties existing between the United States and such governments, respectively, without interference on the part of China. ARTICLE XXVIII. If citizens of the United States have special occa- t, C°g“;;¤¤¤l°¤··_t_ sion to address any communication to the Chinese local officers of govern- ,3;; oi- `§:u°’ ment, they shall submit the same to their consul or other officer, to deter- Unitedstatesand mine if the language be proper and respectful, and the matter just and g;':°$°1°°‘*·l°m' right, in which event he shall transmit the same to the appropriate authorities for their consideration and action in the premises. If subjects of China have occasion to address the consul of the United States, they may address him directly at the same time they inform their own officers, representing the case for his consideration and action in the premises ; and if controversies arise between citizens of the United States and subjects of Gvntrovsrgiss China, which cannot be amicably settled otherwise, the same shall be ex- g:§"§;{'zg;"§·°° amined and decided comformably to justice and equity by the public oili- the United States cers of the two nations, acting in conjunction. The extortion of illegal h°W*·°b° ¤°“1°<l· fees is expressly prohibited. Any peaceable persons are allowed to enter the court in order to interpret, lest injustice be done. Aucrrcnn XXIX. The principles of the Christian religion, as professed Tolerance ot by the Protestant and Roman Catholic churches, are recognised as teach- Gh"”°’““°· ing men to do good, and to do to others as they would have others do to them. Hereafter those who quietly profess and teach these doctrines shall not be harassed or persecuted on account of their faith. Any person, whether citizen of the United States or Chinese convert, who, according to these tenets, peaceably teach and practice the principles of Christianity, shall in no case be interfered with or molested. Amrcrn XXX. The contracting parties hereby agree that should at United state.
any time the Ta-Tsing Empire grant to any nation, or the merchants or *° h*“’° me P¤Vl·