4rt4 THE WEALTH OF NATIONS

of customers who should be obliged to buy from the shops of our different producers, all the goods with which these could supply them. For the sake of that little enhancement of price which this monopoly might afford our producers, the home consumers have been burdened with the whole expense of maintaining and defending that empire. For this purpose, and for this purpose only, in the last two wars, more than two hundred millions have been spent, and a new debt of more than a hundred and seventy mil- lions has been contracted over and above all that had been expended for the same purpose in former wars. The in- terest of this debt alone is not only greater than the whole extraordinary profit, which, it ever could be pretended, was made by the monopoly of the colony trade, but than the whole value of that trade, or than the whole value of the goods, which at an average have been annually ex- ported to the colonies. It cannot be very difficult to determine who have been the contrivers of this whole mercantile system; not the con- sumers, we may believe, whose interest has been entirely neglected; but the producers, whose interest has been so carefully attended to; and among this latter class our mer- chants and manufacturers have been by far the principal architects. In the mercantile regulations, which have been taken notice of in this chapter, the interest of our manufac- turers has been most peculiarly attended to; and the in- terest, not so much of the consumers as that of some other bets of producers, has been sacrificed to it. END OF VOL. II.