MAY, 1873.]

HINDU WORDS IN GREEK.

OPAAGPO-arta or ardha (?) + athra, OPAATNO

ardha + agni or verethraghna " ? see Denfey in Z. d. D. M. G. VIII., 450 seqq., 460 seqq. Hence the following results are to be drawn. Firstly, as to the vowels —

a stands so regularly for a, 4, that thereis no need of adducing examples;–for o in IIarraNa-potala, —for ava in Kováoxarms, Pandae, for ayat in Bušav 7"logy.

-

[Indian š is further representedt by o, as in 'Avov poypappov, "Apurpoxarms, 'Epavvoſłoas, 'OTTopo-, Kapı 8torðoxot, Kavoytºn, Kokko-, Kováoxarms, Koppewaarms, Močovpa, Mopus, Savópoxvirros, Jomanes, by e in Epevveats, Aépôat, Koppaevaorms, Kmpe;300pms, Meðopa, Sepwot;—by 1 in Çiyyipept, Adviſºape, Storukvºrtos ;—by v in Bovrupov (bhátári), Aup3 uot, (kapuo) pu)oví, NeXxvv84 (nflakantha P); by ov in orpºovyčov, Avôov

8 ptos, sulphur (Šulvārī);--by a in Mobus, M tu aroxos. The representation by a is however by far the more prevalent]. e stands for a (as above), for aya in Knkeot, for ava in Ośćevros, for 7 in Epavvoſłoas; NeXxvvöa, for

w in IIoMeptos (Pulumſii), for e in dpye)tov (?), {ty yuşept. , stands for i, 4, of which examples are not re quired; also for a (as above), for u in Kavoy, (m. [Indian i is moreover represented by e (as above); by et in A3ewrifloos, Elpwov, Kia Tepatot,

TortAct: by at in II Aal-" ; by v in "Yaports, Yöao mns, 'Yqaorus, Bapuyaſa (?), Bušavrov, PvNNitat ; by o in Ośvparts.] . o stands for a, i (as above), for w in Odombo rae, 'oğmum, 'orropokoju, 3rºtos, Bºobmo, -300pa,

-300pms, -3opa, kippopa, Koxxot, Kojiapua, korros, Meðopa, uorxos, IIokais, Roºpakat, (with Eu-), sa con (?), xiv6os, Xoavos, Soarros, Soºpal ;-for o in Kokko-, rovča)ot; for au $ in Odomboerae, Bolingae, Colubae, IIopos;–for ava in IIopos, MiNAot. v stands for i, i (as above), for u in Bmxuppos, kapuo-, karrv-, Kiaratrupos, KvXuvêptum, 'Ośvöpakat, 'ošuparis, Savópoxvirros, Stavkurtos, Svěpot, Xupaq Tpmvm.

149

sulphur, Sroupa —by ev in IIevke) a ; by a in Koºpmv, >op 1)aormvos, m, and Latin e, stands for e in Baćoëno, 37Nußos, Knrevs, Knkeou, Kmpeãoëpms, Mmpos, 'Oſmum, Stynóa, sapenas, Soupaormvol, Sop lyaormvos, Xiºmpts;–for ai || in Huoãos;–for i in 'A3mpta (with 'A3'pta), Bmorora peov (?);-for u in sagenon (?) [Indian e is also further represented by e, as above.] a stands for o in 'Avôaparts, Koorapuśa, Aovišape, Søvos, Sopa, TooraMet;—for au" in IIopos, Mapwevs; —for ava in 'Huoöos;–for va in Sotetőms. al, et stand for i (ut sup.);-ai, ao for ſtra, in IIe veXairus, ‘Y&pagorms;–ao for ava in 'Inaos;-eo for eva in Aeonſa)t ;-av for au in TXavkavukat,

Glausae, Kavuapa, Mavora,Xos;-ov for a, u, (ut sup.), for ri in Ośćevros ;-evo for era in 8évos. [Indian o is moreover represented by a, o, ø,

au also by o, ø (as above); in Tapotas for Gaurſ, there is probably a transposition from Taopias PJ Next with reference to consonants, the fre

quent use of 3 is to be noted. This letter occurs for p in Bišaorus, -80pa, Aaxivaşağms, 'Ivöa3apa, 843a,

Ka3oupa (?) Kapı3torðoxot, Kmpegoëpas, HaNagat'pov, IIaM300pa, Tağaoro, Tağaororot, Tarpošavn, (but a great proportion of these words is probably based on Prākrit forms which already had b);-for b in Bovāvas, Bovéða, Koorapuśa, Sağapa, Sapºot, 213ot ;for bh in 3ovrupov, Bolingae, A3mpta, A3torapms, (Bmor

orapewy?), Avôov3aptos, Colubae, kartv3oupwn (?); —for v and especially as an initial, as in—Bagoómo, BaAeokoupos (?), Bapuyaſa (?), Baorapovač (?), Bmpv)-

os, Bmorabat, Bºğaorus, Buôtorms, Buſivrtov, as also in medials, thus—cinnabari, Avp3.wot, Epavvo.3oas,

{yy}ept, 'Ia813tov, Aovišipe, Savópaśiris, Tupavvo Boas, Xagmpts;–for do in Bapakm;-for y (perhaps by exchange with p) in Sapºos. [The Indian p is further represented by ph insul phur;-by the rough aspirate in Yôāorms, ‘Yºurts;by the smooth aspirate in 'Epevverts, 'Ooraraötos, soavos, Sonorros;–by oi in Otw8tov, IIopovapot. Besides va appears as co,-ara as a, e, o, ao, ø,

[Indian u is represented also by t, o (as above), by ov (Latin u) in Olipoa, Avoupo-,

Bověvas, Bov861,

dra as at, ao; as ova in Povačos (Irúvati), era as

Bovrupov, -8oupa, (kartv)3ovpum, Ataouava, Kakováis,

evo (as above)]. Further, the use of a for the smooth palatal ch

Navayovva, Mošoupa, Movorukavos, -oroupa, Xoupaormvot,

is interesting, in Glausae, IIagoraMat, IIpagriot, Xav

• Comp. Baori.Neus, Baorixeov * opóayvns on a

coin of Gºd uphara in Thomas' Catalogue of Hºctrian Coins, No. 28 (Lond. 1857). The other words of this kind, such as Aepo, MIIPO, MAO, MANAQ BATO are by Lassen also referred to the Zend, more particularly to Persia; whence it would indeed be difficult to separate the abºve words

the circumstance that we would then have to assume a

eo,

from it "with op'Ahepoy moreover, after the prefix opA = ardha an entirely hybrid

formation would have to

be assumed. But of course the explanation of OPA through

arta is also hazardous, because (1) "r" sounds in Zand asha (the form arta seems to belong only to the Western Persians), and (2) because the same falls entirely away for opAATNO Opdayvns: if it be conceived as verethraghna ;

but to seekin'it perhaps arta + agº () is

precluded by

hybrid formation, and would consequently fall into the same difficulty which precludes the explanation of OP AHepOY from ardha + athra.

+ The constant representation of a by a or o, e, &c., or more particularly of u by tor o, v, ou in different texts is a testimony for the homogeneity of the respective pass ages; more particularly with reference to their derivation from a common Source.

With an echo purposely sought of Greek words. If not already in the Indian word, o is to be prefixed according to Prākrit rules.

Rather perhaps already in the Indian word itself; e.

B.

do.

do.

do.

0.