146

THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

quotations. * The following words, namely:anapht—dvaq.m, ikokera—diyokºpas, ſpoklina–

mant (P for kesar-), Lao as aya in Asura Maya (and Turamaya);

droxtua, dra—'Apns, disphujit—'Aq poètrn, ittham (itthasi Dr. Bhàu Dāji, ithusi Muir)—ixévs, hendra —kevrpov, kemadruma-xpmuariouos, + homa–Kpovos trikona—Tolyovos, laurpya—orkopiſtos, kriya-kptos, jºimitra–8tapuerpov, jituma—618 uplos, jºka—ºvyov, jyau–Zevs, thruri–Taupos, taukshika—rošorms, dri kina drekº na–Šekºvos, durudhard—60pudopla, dus chikya –Tuxukov, dyńnam dyutam—8vrov, panaphard —'em waſ opa, pºſthena–Tap6evos, mesſºrama-ue gov payman, liptſ—Aerrm, rilpha rishphºt—'ptºm, leya– Neov, reši-darts, sunaphi-arvvaq.m harija– ‘opt ov, Shibuka—"viroyevov, himnaſperhaps himra”)— ‘Epuns, hºli – HAtos, hyidroga—'věpoxoos, hord– apa.

av as divu in tävuri, -as au in Pauliśa,

ev as aw in jyau, Jalaukas (?); ov as tº in nestra ºa. With reference to the consonants, it is to be observed first, as to the dentals, that 8 before or

rather with i appears as j, thus isphujit, jámitra, jituma, whilst in dyńna, dyuta, a y is inserted be. tween 8 and v;—ć is represented by j in harija, jºka, by jy injyaw;—a appears as s in Basili (?), Kaseru mºnt ('), surujigº, mesºrana, sunaphſ, as š in reši, Pauliśa, as j in Jalaukºs (').—Of the aspirates 6 appears as thin pithena, x6 as tth in ittka, -q, as

ph in anaphſ, panaphard, sunaphºi, as hph or shph ||

Lastly, it must at any rate be observed that, induced by homophony, the Hindus transferred to their Rºrishna many legends &c. about Xptorros which

reached them, or which they had themselves become acquainted with in the West. From what has preceded, with reference to the

second group of Greek words which can be pointed out in Hindu literature, the following conclusions as to phonetic relations may be drawn -a appears as a or d in Alasandú, Basili (?), Amita (?), anaphºt,

ãpoklina, āra, āsphujit, hemadruma,t jāmitra. drikâna, panaphard, påthena, mesſaraſia, sunaphſ, horă, kastër", Rastºri, khalina, that eri (?), dināra, dramma, Manit tha (?), as e in resi, Has i in Milinda ; e as a in Alasandſ,--as e in ºthohera, kendra,

drehtna, pºthena, mesºrama, leya. Megha (?), meli, —as i in jjnitra, liptſ, Himna, Milinda, as ri in drikº ma, and is dropped in panaphara ; as i in ſpoklina, ºsphujit, it tham, trikona, kriya, ſituma, rihpha, resi, harija, Bºſsili (?), khali na, kastira, as u in kemadruma,t surungſ. o as o in ſikokera, ſpoklina, koma, hyidroga, - as

w in displujit, durudhurſt, hibuka, Hind, mulca, as au in kaurºſa, taukshika,- as a in durullard, panºphara, harija :was in hihºka, Anita (?), as ri in lºridroga, —as u in jiiuma, durulhºrſ, dušchikya, sunºplºſi, surungſ, as ſº in jūk",—as yºu in dyūna, dyuta ;m as e in kramelakº, keinºdruma, heli, as i in Jindra :-

o as o in trilona, lord, Romaka, loºka, -as u in kastūrī;

at as 4 in Akokoro, -as e in kherin (?), kaseru

• Dr. Bhau Dºji seeks under the name of the Yavane

$vara Asphºſilhººn, or rather Sphºdhraj, a Srevortritos —see Journ. Royal As. So. I. 100 (1855), but Kern Introd. to

War. Mih., p. 1S) an 'Appoètorios. + Mr. Hermann Jacobi, who is now engaged on an edition

of the Laghºjºaka, informs me that kevºpouta would

[MAY, 1873.

-

in rillpha, rishpha, as sph in disphujit, as dh in duradhard," as v in veši, x as k in kemadruna ('), as kh in kherin () khalina, as Śch in duschikya, as g in hridroga. Of the liquids, l stands for v in Milinda, r for A in Asura Maya (').—Hardening occurs in ſiko kera, trikoº, jituma, jºka : on the other hand softening occurs in kendra, kemadruma (‘), du Schikya, hibuka, hiridroga. The assimilation to like or homophonous Sanskrit words has evidently been much in operation here, as in trikoma, duéchikya, kemadruna, hºridroga, Kaserumant, Jalaukas, Asu ra Maya. A comparison of the results obtained from both groups of words—that is, of those authenticated by contemporaneous documents and those which can be pointed out in Hindu literature, shows as a deviation in the second that the o is not so often

rendered by a as in coin-legends; and also the occasional representation of t by u, the regular representation of v by w (more rarely by i), the rendering of av by de, of au by e (?), of ei by at ; lastly, the Zetacization of Öt into j; m appears in both groups as e. II. INDIAN NAMES AND WORDS AMONG GREEKS. *

Here we have to deal partly with politico-geo graphical and other names, and partly with articles of commerce and objects of daily life. The names of wares came first to the West, in part very early —long before Alexander—and either, like the name India itself, through Persian, with the form transmuted according to Persian phonetic laws t 811, as du ‘chikatha, and has further been corrupted in Las sen, IV. 843, to Šichakatha.

º

Introd. to War. Mih., p. 29.

Comp. Ind. Stud. II. 281 m.

Comp. the otherwise inverted representation of 6 by f.

• Comp. herewith, before everything else, Lassen's Ind.

rather answer to kernal runna, which with its denominative

Alt. K. I. 1–352, II. 530 sqq., III. 1–336.

revo&pouea occurs in Proclus, Porphyrius, and Manetho.

+ Namely h (as spiritus lenis) for s, thus in T. Syr. hendu'Ivoros sindu, º for h, r for 1 (Comp. e. g. also Las' sen, II, 559, as to Hypobarus and Martichoras).

This word, protected by the I. tº hºji'uka I. 17 (Ind.

Stul. II. 281), appears by Muir in J. As. S. ºf Ben J. XIV,