MAY, 1873.]

GREEK WORDS AMONG HINDUS.

the southern Buddhists; at the same time with

him also the name of his birth-place and capital A la s and ā (or -s a d da), i. e. Aećavôpeta is men tioned.

Possibly also, as Lassen assumes, the

name of the Mle ch ha-or rather Pär a 3 i

ka-king Megha which occurs in the drama Mudrā

rákshasa, contains a reminiscence of the old royal title ueyas Baori Meus, because, although this drama

145

pressed opinion, has nothing to do with Greek,

remains undecided. In dramma the word 8paxum was preserved down to late times. The words khalina, bridle—xaivos, and suruñgſ, (in the Mahāvailso and Mahābhārata) amine-shaft— orvpiyé, refer probably to bellico-political relations

with the Greeks.

Here I recall to mind also my

surmise (Ind. Stud. IX. 380) concerning the re markable statement of the Pániniyä. Siksha, v. 6, on the salutation of the Suráshtra women (Saw rāshtriká nárá): a ra according to one and t a kra according to the other recension,-that the reading

itself is comparatively modern, the author of it may probably have drawn the materials for it from ancient sources, and the name Basili (i.e. doubt less 3aordNews) actually occurs, according to Schief ner,” among the northern Buddhists. As I have

ought to be k her fi, or rather that it is to be

also already ventured further to surmiset that the

borrowed from the second hemistich, and that

royal name J aloka, Jala u ka s in the Kash mir chronicle is referable to Xexevkos, it is further possible also that their Amita, Amit a ba, is connected with Auvvras. The buildings of A sur a Maya immortalized in the Mahābhārata reminds us of the edifices of IIroNepatos, and the former moreover has perhaps inherited only from IIroNepatos the astronomer a portion of his later

therein a reference to the Greek salutation Xalpe is to be sought.* Not so much to political as to commercial rela tions the words kastëra—kaorortrepos,t kasturi– kaorropetov, kajigu-keyxpos, meld ink-ueXas, Samitā samtda—arepušaust, Hind. mulva—poxv$os $, are indebted for their acceptance. Esop's fables are

reputation as a teacher of astronomy, just as also

domé and kramelaka-kwnxos, both of them

finally the powerful Yavana king Ka serum ant, in the Mahābhārata, doubtless represents only a faded reminiscence of the katoap of post-Chris

connected with Hindu words or rather roots.

tian centuries, transformed by a fanciful popular

as already observed, by Asura May a-who, according to later traditions, lived in Romakapura —is possibly meant IIroMeuatos the author of the Almagest; further by Manitt h a perhaps Ma

etymology. Two of the above names are preserved to us,

perhaps in a direct translation, Apollodotos namely as Bhagad at ta, Š and Demetrios, as D at t a mitra, the first appearing in the Mahd bhārata, as a Yavana king, and the second as a

Sindhu-Sauvīra king. Of the Roman age there is, strangely enough, besides the name Romaka," nothing but the word dindra—denarius. Whether thateri in Ebn Haukal is referable to ortarmpos or

rerpa-, or, according to Dowson's recently ex

• See my Ind. Skizzen, pp. 83, 84.

+ See my dissertation on the Rāmāyama, p. 33. [Ind. Antiq. Wol. I. p. 240.]

t Ind. Skizzen, p. 88; jalaukas, “leech,” and ka serum ant, “endued with a spine,” are but little suitable really to have been original names of kings. Indeed, Las sen derives Jaloka from jayaloka (II. 273). The trans formation of Turamaya into Asura May a may per:

haps be recognized as due to the political tendencies of those times.

§ According to Von Gutschmid's supposition. Comp. Ind. Stud. W. 152.

-

probably responsible for the two words lopáka– The

most numerous appropriations belong to the as tronomico-astrological domain. In the first place

veðoy the author of the Apotelesmata is to be un

derstood;|| at all events by Pauliśa a IIavos is meant, probably Paulus Alexandrinus, in

whose Elraywyn almost all the technical astrologi cal terms which have passed into Sanskrit may be identified, whence probably we ought to recognize it as the basis of the Pauliśa-siddhánta which unfortunately exists only in scanty and insufficient

272). Perhaps this text may again afford desiderated, in fºrmation on Roman relations. (Comp. below the data from the Bärerujátaka.) • Surashtra—Suparrpa was long subject to Greek dominion. The oldest coins of those parts show Greek types and letters; the princes were satraps of the Greek kings, and reckoned, Thomas states, according to the

era of

th. Seleucides.—Yavan a girls still appear in the dramas of Kãlidºsa as attending to the personal wants of kings, and probably they saluted them also with the salutation of their Yavana language; comp... also Introd. to my Transl. of the Malagikā. pp. 35, 46, 47. (It may be re marked that already Ts. W. 3, 7, 2 mentions a female body

| Thus according to Lassen. On his town Demetri as— Dittàmitrº, see Ind. Skizz., pp. 82,83; my translation of the Málavikágrimitram, Pref. p. 47; and my Dissert. On the Rāmāyana, p. 77 [Ind. Antiquary, vol.I. p., 179]; from it a Yonaka, son of Dhammad eva, makes his appearance as a donor of pious gifts in the inscriptions of a Buddhist temple [Jour. Bomb. B. R. As. Soc. vol. V. p. 54]. T In the inscriptions mentioned in the preceding note,

t Because the assumption that these (comp. simila, similago) are old Indo-Germanic words is suspicious even frºm the meaning. Wheat-flour was scarcely known to

mention is made also of the gifts of a Romaka, son of Velidata.-In the great Játaka collection (see Wester

anything to do etymologically with cuprum.

gaard, Catal. der Orient. MSS. der. Kopenhag. Bibl., p. 39) also a Romakajátakam is mentioned (III. 3, 7, no.

guard.)

+ From karaort&mpos?see. Ind. Skizzen, pp. 75, 89.

our Indo-Germanic ancestors.

comp. d. be K. said dej,toMorg. 361 ºf kPott upya,inathe basezeitschrift metal, canfür hardly have | Kern (Introd. to Varāha Mihira's Brihat p. 52) once thought also of Manilius.

Samhita,