it was followed fifteen miles, and the camp for the night made in a canon timbered with pine, with good grass and water. Signs of Indians were plenty, but the commander was not hopeful. The horses were beginning to fail with travelling over lava-beds, and at night; the Indians were evidently numerous and watchful; and there was no method of determining at what point they might be expected to appear. Fore warned in a country like that on the Pit River, the advantages were all on the side of the Indians.

The march on the 26th led the troops over high

table-land, eastward along a much used trail, where \n tracks of horses and Indians were frequent, leading finally to the lava-bluffs overlooking the south branch of Pit River, and through two miles of canon down into the valley. Here the troops turned to the north along the foot of the bluffs, and when near the bend of the river the scouts announced the discovery of Indians in the rocks near by. Crook prepared for battle by ordering Parnell to dismount half his men and form a line to the south of the occupied rocks, while Madigan formed a similar line on the north side, the two uniting on the east in front of the Indian po sition. Mclntosh with his scouts was ordered back to the bluff overlooking the valley, the troops getting into position about one o clock, and the Indians wait ing to be attacked in the rocks.

The stronghold was a perpendicular lava- wall, three hundred feet high, and a third of a mile long on the west side of the valley. At the north end was a ridge of bowlders, and at the south end a canon. In front was a low sharp ridge of lava-blocks, from which there was a gradual slope into the valley. These sev eral features of the place formed a natural fortification of great strength. But there were yet other features rendering it even more formidable. Running into its south-eastern boundary were two promontories, a hun dred and fifty feet in length, thirty in height, with perpendicular walls parallel to each other and about \n