union was unpopular in Scotland, and was especially offensive to lrance, which, as a Calholic power, strongly objected to see a Catholic princess of a house long friendly with France allied to a Protestant prince of a house which was Franco's traditional enemy. The Lord Protector deterlnined to endcavour to force Scotland-to observe its undertaking. Ou the other hand, France determined to endcavour to secure the princess for the Dauphin, and disptched Leo Strozzi, general of the galleys of France, with a force which on July 3rd, 1547, seized St. Andrews, iu Fifeshire, and there captured the leading Scots Protestmts who were partisans of the English match.

Before England could strike any forcible blow there vere several border skirmishes aud 'small encounters at sea. In one of the latter, if Hayward may be credited, an English man-of-war called the PelisSe was attacked by a Scots ship called the Lions, which, although of superior force, she took. But the prize, with most of her men, was lost off YIarwich as she was being brought south.

There was no nnnecessa W delay in England. A fleet of sixty-five sail, includiug thirty-four hrge ships and one gMley, was placed mder the command of Admiral Edward, Lord Clinton, and Vice-Admiral Sir William Woodhouse, and a large army under Somerset in person marched northward? On September 10th, the Scots were defeated with enormous slaughter at Piukie Cleuch? near Musselburgh, the fleet co-operating with great effect on the Scots flank; nd Leith 4 was taken immediately afterwards and Edinburgh plundered? ]3ut in spite of this decisive English trimnph, and of the damage done along the coast by the fleet, which burnt many towns, and practically nnihilated the little Scots fleet, the Scots were more than ever determined to oppose the English marriage, and more than ever inclined to further a French one. France reciprocated iu 1548 by sending to Scothind six thousand men under Andr de Montalembert, Baron d'Ess,

Or Pa.ncy, or Pansy. ,qhe was of 450 tons, but her force is unknown. 

- Speed, 804; Holinshed, ii. ': Buchanan, x'.; Keith, 53. s The engagement is often called the hattie of Musselburgh. Grafton, 1286; $towe, 594; Cooper, 338b; Buchanan, xv.; Keith, 54.

Here the Mary IVilloglby, which had previously been taken by lhe Scots, was 

re4aken. Holinshed, 989.

Speed, 805; tlolinshed, ii. 990. 

Cotton MS., Cleop. A. 11; Stowe, 586, 587.