that case lled Indians, and the civilised people to the south the

Mexicaus.

The voyage of "Zeno" froin "lres" to "Eugroneland" has fever traces of the fahulous, though here also there are ninny difficulties. The monastery of ,qt. Thomas is supposed to be a mistake of one or other of the Zeni for St. Olaus, which is men- tioned by an early Norse geographer, Ivar Iardssen. That there were monasteries and Norse settlements on Greenl,nd is a fact proved hy nmnerous remains, ruins of churches and buildings, ruues and traditions. The lonely church of Katortok bears silent testimony to a civilisation which has long since passed away. We should theu expect, if the nan'srive is true, that the pl;;ce described by Zeno could be identified. Mr. Major places the monastery at Tasermiutsiak on the Tessermiut in southern Greenland,'-' and finds an extiuct volcano in the remarkable mountain of Suikarssuak, which rises nearly four thousaud feet above the fiord. Unfortunately subsequent exploration has made it certain that Suikarssuak is not an extinct volcano; a it is a granite rock. lqor are there hot spriugs on the Tessenniut fiord. though it is true that such springs now exist at no great distance, on the island of Ounartok, where are also very plain traces of Norse settlement. Here, however, the volcano is wanting, and Admiral Irmiuger asserts that volcanoes have never existed in south Greeuland. a If this he so, and Zeno is in this passage rom,ncing, what value can be ttached tc, the rest of his story ? Or is this another interpolation of Nicolo the younger ? The use of hot water for the pnrposes which Zeno describes was possibly common in Iceland during his tilne: there are traces of it till. If he visited Iceland, which is highly proliable, he may h;tve heard stories of Greenland, and of the strange boats used by the Greenlanders, which agree so closely with the Eskimo boats of to-day that they can scarcely be the product of his tinguided imagination.

The voyage of "Zichmni" to Greenland--if "Triu" was in Greenland--presents the same difficulty of the volcano. There is nothing intrinsically improbable in the voyage itself: to the d;ring

St. Tommaso and St. Olaus have in the Italian and Norse respectively a very fiint phonetic resemblance. Vide map of t ;teenland. ' Zcni,' lxxxii.

S,, Irminger. tI,,t springs, however, as 5[ajor justly says, ate clear indications of volcanic activity, and glacier action may have ohsertl-e, 1 the traces o1' wlcanic action.