found in the ('olumhus libraw or catMogue. If it ever existed, it

has perished, leaviug only these traces.

If the narrative of gicolo Zenowhich professes to relate the voyages and travels of two of his mcestors about the end of the fi>urteenth centurybe true or substantially founded ou fact, it becomes pbahle that the half-Norse, hMf-Scotch inhabitants of the Orkneys and Shetlauds had rediscovered Greenland, and that they had some vgue knowledge of the Americau mainland. It is usually assumed that the "Zichmni" of the Zeno nan'tive ws the same as Henry Sinclair, Earl of Orkney nd Cithness, and the gunds for that identification will be discussed later on. The authorities who ccept the substantial truth of the nrrtive are sucieutly numerous aud impartial to compel a creful investigation of the facts2

The travels of the Zeui were first published in 1558 at Venice by Nicolo Zeno? His story is that when boy he tore up or mutilated some ncient decuments in the Zeni PMce at Venice, inorant of their value. Some, however, of the ppers escaped; nd in lter years, on examimtion, he found they were an account, by u ancestor of his rimned Antonio Zeno, of certain voyages which had been lnade by this same Antonio and an older brother Nicolo, M)out the close of the fourteenth centre T. The account had been based by Antonio upon letters of his own to a third brother, Carlo, and letters of Nicolo to him. Nicolo the younger found this account damaged by the act of his childhood, d proceeded, as far as he could, to put it in order and copy it out. hVith it was an old chart in a dilapidated condition, which also he copied, and which is said to display a very accurate kuowledge of Greenland and northern geography.

The story of the voyage is as follows: Nicolo Zeno was a

The most elldnent antill,titles fitvourahle al; Torfaqls, T., ' tlistoria Vinlandia,.' (17f), prelhee; Forster, J. R.,' tlittn W of Discovery and Voyages in the North '(17S6k lq'- 178-209; Zurht, 'alinal l'lacido, 'Dissertazione intorno ai Viaggi e Scfqerte settentrionali di N. ed A. Zeni,' 1s08; Malte-Brun, 'Atomics des Voyages' (Paris, lS10), x. 72-87; Barrow, Sir J., ' Voyages into the Arctic Regions' (1s18), pp. 18-2; limnl,oldt, A. yon, ' Examen ( 'ritique de l'Histoi de la Gographie du Nouveau Con- fluent' (Pro-is, lS37], ii. 120-24: Major, 11. H., ' Voyages of the Zeni.' with facsimile f the Zeno map, Hakluyt Society (la73), Introduction; Nordenskj;;hl, ' Studicr ocli F,,rskningar' (Stoekhohn, 1883-t). Views are sumreal up, ' 'oml,te Rendu, Congr6s des Amricmtistes' (('openhagen, lsS4), I'P- 120-23.

a Major, R. H.. op. ,�% gives tle Italian and a translation. From his text the narrative is ahri,lged.