214

��Popular Science Monthly

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��Beating the Coal Dealer with Paper "Coal."

��OW to save one-half

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���utilize the accumulations of waste around the house is suggested in the use of a simple press which con- verts waste paper, news- paper, letters, torn wrap- ping paper, old card- board, old cord, rope or anything else that is com- bustible, into compressed bricks for burning in the stove or range. When used in 'jombina- tion with coal, the paper bricks make a very hot fire.

Rags and all burnable waste are first dropped into a pail of water. When they are thoroughly soaked, they are taken out of the water and stuflft i into the cylinder of the press. The wheel is y^ then turned, forcing a piston against the wet waste, and crushing the mass into a compact form. The brick is then removed from the press and set in the sun to dry, after which it is ready to be used.

The dry paper bricks may be boiled in paraf- fin and used as candles in the trenches. Strips of newspaper rolled up tightly into cylindrical form and then boiled in paraffin have al- ready given much sat- isfaction as trench candles. Since the bricks are larger and more compactly press- ed, they will burn much longer than the paper- strip candles.

��The four mighty streams of water with which New York fights fires

��The High Pressure System Applied to the New York Fire Department

N the accompanying photograph may be seen four streams of wa- ter being played on an imaginary fire in New York city. The stream nearest the ground is from a low pressure hy- drant, the maximum pressure being only eighty pounds. The stream next above it is from a fire engine. In this case the pressure may be as high as from three hundred to four hundred and fifty pounds, which is sufficient to dis- charge from sev- en to nine hun- dred gallons of water a minute. Two high pres- sure streams are shown, one delivered from a deck pipe and the other from a water tower. The deck pipe ~ ~ "^ stream, operating at a

\ pressure of one hun- dred and seventy-five pounds, delivers one thousand, five hundred and ninety gallons of water a minute. The water tower, operating at one hundred and fifty pounds, delivers one thousand, four hun- dred and seventeen gal- lons of water a minute. A water tower delivers water to the fifteenth floor, a deck pipe to the eighth floor, and a gas- oline pumping engine has delivered working pressure at the fifty- sixth floor of the Wool- worth Building. There are twenty-three hun- dred high pressure hy- drants in New York city.

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