PHILOPCEMEN. 863

Wlien there was nothing to do, he sought to harden hia body, and make it strong and active by hunting, or labor- ing in his ground. He had a good estate about twenty furlongs from the town, and thither he would go every day after dinner and supper; and when night came, throw himself upon the first mattress in his way, and there sleep as one of the laborers. At break of day he would rise with the rest, and work either in the vineyard or at the plough ; from thence return again to the town, and employ his time with his friends, or the magistrates in pubUc business. What he got in the wars, he laid out on horses, or arms, or in ransoming captives ; but endeavored to improve his own property the justest way, by tillage ; and this not slightly, by way of diversion, but thinking it his strict duty, so to manage his own fortune, as to be out of the temptation of wronging others. He spent much time on eloquence and philosophy, but selected his authors, and cared only for those by whom he might profit in virtue. In Homer's fictions his atten- tion was given to whatever he thought apt to raise the courage. Of all other books he was most devoted to the commentaries of Evangelus on military tactics, and also took delight, at leisure hours, in the histories of Alexan- der; thinking that such reading, unless undertaken for mere amusement and idle conversation, was to the pur- pose for action. Even in speculations on military subjects it was his habit to neglect maps and diagrams, and to put the theorems to practical proof on the ground itself He would be exercising his thoughts, and considering, as he travelled, and arguing with tho.se about him of the dif- ficulties of steep or broken ground, what might happen at rivers, ditches, or mountain-passes, in marching in close or in open, in this or in that particular form of battle. The truth is, he indeed took an immoderate pleasure in mihtary operations and in warfare, to which he devoted