THE

IMPEEIAL DICTIONAEY OF

UNIVERSAL BIOGRAPHY: A SERIES OF

ORIGINAL MEMOIES OF DISTINGUISHED MEN, OF ALL AGES AND ALL NATIONS.

VVKlTEliS

OF EMINE^XE IN THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF LITERATURE, SCIENCE,

AND ART.

CONDUCTED BY

EDWIN LANKESTER,

PROFESSOR JOHN EADIE. D.D., LL.D. JOHN FRANCIS WALLER, LL.D., M.R.LA. PROFESSOR V. J. M. RANKINE, LL.D.

M.D., F.R.S.

PROFESSOR FRANCIS BOWEN,

M.A.,

United States,

Late Editor of " North American Review."

JOHN FRANCIS WALLER,

LL.D., M.R.I.A., Editor.

VOL. L

LONDON;

WILLIAM MACKENZIE, HOWARD

22

PATERNOSTER ROW;

STREET, GLASGOW; SOUTH BRIDGE, EDINBURGH.

[the publisher reserves the right of translation.]