452 THE IMMIGRATION OF 1844.

Samuel B. Crockett, and Daniel Clark. According to Clyman, they encountered at the Grand Kond James Waters of the previous emigration, who was going to meet his family, and who supplied them with provisions for the remainder of their journey. 17

Ford's company, being in advance of Gilliam's, also sent three young men to the Willamette Valley with Minto's party. Snow had now begun to fall in the mountains,while a large part of the emigration was between Fort Boise and the Dalles. The misery entailed upon the belated travellers by the change to winter weather was indescribable. 18 The road from

tion It was taken from her lips by a stenographer at a meeting of the Pioneer Association in 1878, and is called Female Pioneering. As it gives the woman a view of frontier life, it is especially valuable— few records having been made of the trials which women were called upon to endure in the settlement ol the

17 Minto compares the warm interest and sympathy exhibited by Waters with the chilling indifference and absolute ignoring of their presence or their wants by the missionaries Waller and Brewer at the Dalles Clyman who brought letters to the missionaries, and who was a few days ahead ot Minto s party remarks that he was not thanked for the trouble of carrying them from the States, which he attributes to his travel-worn and unshaven appearance.

Note Book, MS., 68. .. 11( ,™,m ( . na

18 Joseph Watt, born in Ohio, author of a manuscript called Hirst 1 lungs,

gives an account of the incoming of 1844, and of the importation of sheep

from the States by himself in 1847, the erection of the first woollen-mills m

Oregon, and other first things, and describes his passage from Burnt River

to the Willamette. Watt was then a young man and poorly ecuupped ior

such a iourney, but drove an ox-team as far as Burnt River. Here, probably

because he thought there were too many mouths for the provisions, he went

forward, afoot and alone. At the end of the first day he found a cabin,

occupied by Blakeley, an emigrant who gave him a few crusts. -Bowman,

a destitute traveller, joined Watt, and they walked on together until they

overtook Ford's company, from whom they obtained one meal. In the Urana

Kond they lost their way, but regaining the road, met a family named

Walker, who had nothing to eat, and thought of killing then- oxen. Being

overtaken by others who still had a little food, they begged thein to divide;

but want and fear had hardened their hearts, and they refused I he pedes-

trians made a fire of green wood, before which they sat throughout the mgM

drying their wet clothing; and in the morning found it snowing, men,

with soleless shoes and pantaloons half gone, they renewed their journey.

Bowman had a family whom he left with the wagons while he hastened

on to procure assistance. Says W T att: 'I think there were snow-flakes

as large as my hat, and it was damp snow. Bowman was speculating

what he and his son "Billy "could do when they got down to the valley.

Waters, whom we had met on Powder River, had told him it was worth

so much a hundred to make rails; and, says he, "Billy and I can make

lots of money at that. Whiskey-barrels are worth so much; winske\ m

worth something. I can make whiskey." Says I, " 1 ou old fool you wil

never get out of these mountains ! " ' Proceeding, sometimes bewildered on

account of the trail being hidden by snow, they came to the camp ot some