as radical. It is explained thus: "In the evening it is dark and one cannot see, so that it is necessary for a man to call out his name." The word ming (see title) is now mostly used of a man's personal name, which is taboo except to parents and to the sovereign. Tou's five sons all rose to high office.

Chü is composed of 人 jen man as radical, with 具 chü (line 84) as phonetic.

Yang is composed of 手 shou hand as radical, with a common phonetic which must be distinguished from 昜 i (line 126). [Zottoli and Eitel are both wrong in making ming refer to the sons.]

17.	養	不	教	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}}$	To feed without teaching
	Yang3	pu1	chiao4
	Feed	not	teach

Yang is composed of 羊 yang sheep as phonetic and 食 shih eat as radical, and means to bear children, to feed. Read yang⁴, it means to minister to, to attend upon, especially one's parents.

Pu see line 5.

Chiao see line 5.

18.	父	之	過	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}}$	is the father's fault.
	Fu4	chih1	kuo4
	father	arrive	transgress

Fu was originally an ideogram, being composed of 又 yu again, which anciently meant a hand with three fingers stretched out and was the original form of the more modern 右 yu right hand, and a ferule. A common name for a father is 家嚴 chia yen (lines 19, 192) the family severe one, while a mother is called 家慈 chia tz'ŭ the family gentle one. In the mouth of the child fu becomes 爹 tieh daddy (line 9). Fu sometimes = male (line 210).