that the disease in monkeys is less violent and less painful than it is in man. By the help of these experiments, Flexner and Jobling were able to prepare a serum for the treatment of the disease, in the same way as the serum is prepared which has been such a blessing to the world in cases of diphtheria. This serum for the treatment of epidemic meningitis was first used in the spring of 1907.

The contrast between cases without serum treatment and cases with serum treatment is very plain.

We maj: first give the records

before the use of the serum. Of 4000 cases in New York in 1904, 75% died; Baker reports from Greater New York 2 1 13 cases with 1636 deaths, giving 77-4% mortality; Chalmers reports frorn Glasgow (1907) 998 cases with 683 deaths, giving 68-4% mortality; Bailie reports in Belfast (1907) 623 cases with 493 deaths, giving 79-2 % mortality; Ker reports that in the Edinburgh epidemic there was 78% mortality; Robertson reports from Leith (1907) 62 cases with 74-4% mortality; Turnour reports from the Transvaal 200 cases with 74% mortality. Amongst patients treated in hospitals the death-rate was no better.

Of 202 cases in Ruchill Hospital,

Glasgow, 79-2 % died; of 108 cases in Edinburgh Fever Hospital, 80-5% died; of 275 cases in Belfast Fever Hospital, 72-3% died; and Dunn reports that in the Boston Children's Hospital, during the eight years 1899-1907, the mortality varied from 69% to 80%. Contrast with these the results in cases treated with Flexner's and Jobling's Serum:

—